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Background <p>The co-cultivation of filamentous fungi and actinobacteria is challenging due to their complex growth interactions. This study investigates how key parameters, such as inoculation strategy, glutamic acid concentration, hydrodynamic stress, and dissolved oxygen, influence the growth dynamics between <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i> in shake flask co-cultures. Recognizing the crucial role of macromorphology in filamentous microorganisms, an automated image analysis pipeline was developed to quantitatively assess the heterogeneity and reproducibility of each population.</p> Results <p>Simultaneous growth was achieved when both microorganisms were inoculated in pelleted form, whereas spore inoculation led to complete <i>A. niger</i> dominance. At 1:2 and higher inoculation ratios (fungus to bacteria), <i>S. coelicolor</i> could compete effectively. While <i>A. niger</i> growth-maintained dominance at 136 and 250&#xa0;rpm (1:1), <i>S. coelicolor</i> growth outcompeted the fungus at 60&#xa0;rpm, a shift attributed to a reduced oxygen transfer rate. Notably, only the highest shear forces (250&#xa0;rpm) produced homogeneous, reproducible fungal pellet populations. Overall, bottom-baffled flasks enhanced reproducibility compared to non-baffled flasks.</p> Conclusion <p>It is possible to regulate the growth of <i>S. coelicolor</i> and <i>A. niger</i> in a co-culture by the aforementioned parameters. Among these, the inoculation ratio is most important to achieve different dynamics. A quantitative analysis of morphology development while optimising inoculation strategies provides a foundation for designing co-culture experiments that achieve balanced and reproducible growth.</p>

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Co-cultivation dynamics of the filamentous microorganisms Aspergillus niger and Streptomyces coelicolor in shake flasks

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Tolue Kheirkhah,
  • Fangxing Zhang,
  • Fabia Jaeger,
  • Alexander Gantenbein,
  • Peter Neubauer,
  • Heiko Briesen,
  • Stefan Junne

摘要

Background

The co-cultivation of filamentous fungi and actinobacteria is challenging due to their complex growth interactions. This study investigates how key parameters, such as inoculation strategy, glutamic acid concentration, hydrodynamic stress, and dissolved oxygen, influence the growth dynamics between Aspergillus niger and Streptomyces coelicolor in shake flask co-cultures. Recognizing the crucial role of macromorphology in filamentous microorganisms, an automated image analysis pipeline was developed to quantitatively assess the heterogeneity and reproducibility of each population.

Results

Simultaneous growth was achieved when both microorganisms were inoculated in pelleted form, whereas spore inoculation led to complete A. niger dominance. At 1:2 and higher inoculation ratios (fungus to bacteria), S. coelicolor could compete effectively. While A. niger growth-maintained dominance at 136 and 250 rpm (1:1), S. coelicolor growth outcompeted the fungus at 60 rpm, a shift attributed to a reduced oxygen transfer rate. Notably, only the highest shear forces (250 rpm) produced homogeneous, reproducible fungal pellet populations. Overall, bottom-baffled flasks enhanced reproducibility compared to non-baffled flasks.

Conclusion

It is possible to regulate the growth of S. coelicolor and A. niger in a co-culture by the aforementioned parameters. Among these, the inoculation ratio is most important to achieve different dynamics. A quantitative analysis of morphology development while optimising inoculation strategies provides a foundation for designing co-culture experiments that achieve balanced and reproducible growth.