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Background <p>NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is frequently associated with low body mass index and weight loss, yet comprehensive nutritional evaluation at diagnosis remains limited.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a multicenter observational study across eight Italian referral centers to assess nutritional status and physical performance in newly diagnosed NTM-PD patients. Assessments included anthropometry, nutritional and physical activity questionnaires, bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, gait speed, and pulmonary function tests in order to identify nutritional phenotypes and sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 definition.</p> Results <p>69 patients (77% female, mean age 69 years) were enrolled. The majority had Mycobacterium avium complex infection (74%), and 29% had a cavitary disease. Lung function impairment was generally mild. However, physical performance was frequently reduced: 36% showed impaired gait speed and 45% reduced handgrip strength. Nutritional evaluation revealed a high burden of undernutrition: over 20% of participants were underweight, up to 40% were at risk of malnutrition or overtly malnourished according to screening tools and more than 20% already exhibited a malnourished phenotype. Sarcopenia was identified in 29% of subjects. Cavitary disease was associated with worse nutritional status and higher prevalence of severe sarcopenia. Overall, more than half of participants required nutritional intervention.</p> Conclusion <p>Patients with NTM-PD at diagnosis show a high prevalence of impaired nutritional status (40% at risk of malnutrition or malnourished and requiring a nutritional intervention) and physical performance. Sarcopenia is also highly prevalent (29%) highlighting the need for dietary and physical interventions.</p>

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High prevalence of malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with NTM pulmonary disease: results from an Italian prospective multicentre study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月14日

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  • Paola Faverio,
  • Alessia Fumagalli,
  • Giulia Tarantino,
  • Filippo Gozzi,
  • Stefania Cerri,
  • Filippo Valoriani,
  • Renata Menozzi,
  • Valentina Conio,
  • Francesco Rocco Bertuccio,
  • Lucrezia Pisanu,
  • Francesca De Simeis,
  • Sasha Trevisan,
  • Samuele Gaggioli,
  • Marta Tristan Asensi,
  • Ilaria Giangrandi,
  • Giacomo Barzaghi,
  • Giacomo Castiglioni,
  • Giovanni Franco,
  • Erica Tugnoli,
  • Andrea Gramegna,
  • Anna Bulfamante,
  • Rosa Di Matteo,
  • Carmela Corso,
  • Alice Repossi,
  • Maurizio Ferrarese,
  • Letizia Marinaro,
  • Andrea Calcagno,
  • Sara Conti,
  • Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani,
  • Fabrizio Luppi,
  • Luigi Codecasa,
  • Francesco Blasi,
  • Giovanni Sotgiu,
  • Andrea Gori,
  • Maura Spotti,
  • Stefano Aliberti

摘要

Background

NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) is frequently associated with low body mass index and weight loss, yet comprehensive nutritional evaluation at diagnosis remains limited.

Methods

We conducted a multicenter observational study across eight Italian referral centers to assess nutritional status and physical performance in newly diagnosed NTM-PD patients. Assessments included anthropometry, nutritional and physical activity questionnaires, bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, gait speed, and pulmonary function tests in order to identify nutritional phenotypes and sarcopenia according to EWGSOP2 definition.

Results

69 patients (77% female, mean age 69 years) were enrolled. The majority had Mycobacterium avium complex infection (74%), and 29% had a cavitary disease. Lung function impairment was generally mild. However, physical performance was frequently reduced: 36% showed impaired gait speed and 45% reduced handgrip strength. Nutritional evaluation revealed a high burden of undernutrition: over 20% of participants were underweight, up to 40% were at risk of malnutrition or overtly malnourished according to screening tools and more than 20% already exhibited a malnourished phenotype. Sarcopenia was identified in 29% of subjects. Cavitary disease was associated with worse nutritional status and higher prevalence of severe sarcopenia. Overall, more than half of participants required nutritional intervention.

Conclusion

Patients with NTM-PD at diagnosis show a high prevalence of impaired nutritional status (40% at risk of malnutrition or malnourished and requiring a nutritional intervention) and physical performance. Sarcopenia is also highly prevalent (29%) highlighting the need for dietary and physical interventions.