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Background <p>Gizzard erosion (GE) and ulceration are occasionally have been occasionally associated with several serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV), particularly serotype 1 (FAdV-1). Clinical signs of adenoviral GE (AGE) are often subclinical with low mortality. In Thailand, FAdV-2, 8b, and 11 have been reported in association with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), however, AGE remains undocumented. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate FAdV-associated GE and characterize the FAdV strain detected in GE-affected chickens in Thailand.</p> Results <p>Histopathological evaluation revealed intranuclear inclusion bodies within glandular epithelial cells of eroded gizzards. In situ hybridization (ISH) demonstrated positive signals for FAdV nucleic acid within affected glandular epithelial cells, and PCR targeting the <i>hexon</i> gene further confirmed the presence of FAdV genetic material. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the complete <i>hexon</i> and <i>fiber</i> genes identified the virus associated with GE as FAdV-8a, designated FAdV8a_NPT_KU001_25. Multiple amino acid sequence alignment of the Fiber protein showed that the Thai GE-associated isolate was more closely related to a gizzard-tropic FAdV-8a strain than to an IBH-associated FAdV-8a strain. Although amino acid variations within the knob domain may be associated with differences in tissue tropism and clinical manifestations, their biological significance and role in pathogenesis require further investigation.</p> Conclusions <p>This study represents the first report of a potential GE-associated FAdV-8a strain in Thailand. The findings suggest an association between FAdV-8a infection and GE lesions in affected chickens. However, the etiological role and pathogenic mechanisms of FAdV-8a in GE remain unclear and require further investigation, including experimental reproduction studies. The genomic characterization of this strain provides additional information that may contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and evolution of FAdV-8a.</p>

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First report and molecular characterization of gizzard erosion-associated fowl adenovirus serotype 8a in Thailand

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月11日

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  • Sittinee Kulprasertsri,
  • Nuttawat Leeraksakiat,
  • Sakuna Phatthanakunanan,
  • Pattrawut Saengnual,
  • Ploypassorn Homklinkaew,
  • Passorn Wonnapinij,
  • Preeda Lertwatcharasarakul,
  • Wallaya Phongphaew

摘要

Background

Gizzard erosion (GE) and ulceration are occasionally have been occasionally associated with several serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV), particularly serotype 1 (FAdV-1). Clinical signs of adenoviral GE (AGE) are often subclinical with low mortality. In Thailand, FAdV-2, 8b, and 11 have been reported in association with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), however, AGE remains undocumented. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate FAdV-associated GE and characterize the FAdV strain detected in GE-affected chickens in Thailand.

Results

Histopathological evaluation revealed intranuclear inclusion bodies within glandular epithelial cells of eroded gizzards. In situ hybridization (ISH) demonstrated positive signals for FAdV nucleic acid within affected glandular epithelial cells, and PCR targeting the hexon gene further confirmed the presence of FAdV genetic material. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the complete hexon and fiber genes identified the virus associated with GE as FAdV-8a, designated FAdV8a_NPT_KU001_25. Multiple amino acid sequence alignment of the Fiber protein showed that the Thai GE-associated isolate was more closely related to a gizzard-tropic FAdV-8a strain than to an IBH-associated FAdV-8a strain. Although amino acid variations within the knob domain may be associated with differences in tissue tropism and clinical manifestations, their biological significance and role in pathogenesis require further investigation.

Conclusions

This study represents the first report of a potential GE-associated FAdV-8a strain in Thailand. The findings suggest an association between FAdV-8a infection and GE lesions in affected chickens. However, the etiological role and pathogenic mechanisms of FAdV-8a in GE remain unclear and require further investigation, including experimental reproduction studies. The genomic characterization of this strain provides additional information that may contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity and evolution of FAdV-8a.