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Background <p><i>Coenurus cerebralis</i>, the larval stage of <i>Taenia multiceps</i>, causes coenurosis, a severe neurological disease in sheep associated with significant economic losses. Ante-mortem diagnosis remains difficult due to non-specific clinical signs and the limited applicability of laboratory-based methods under field conditions. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has previously shown promising immunoreactivity in laboratory assays, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic antigen. This study aimed to evaluate the format-dependent performance of a laboratory-validated recombinant antigen when translated into a dipstick-based rapid diagnostic assay for ovine coenurosis.</p> Results <p>Despite strong immunoreactivity in Western blot analysis, rTmHSP70 failed to generate a visible test line signal in the dipstick assay under all tested conditions. In contrast, a partially purified hydatid cyst antigen produced visible signals but also caused non-specific reactions and false-positive results. These findings demonstrate that rTmHSP70, although suitable for laboratory-based assays, is not compatible with dipstick-format rapid diagnostics.</p> Conclusion <p>The study underscores the importance of assay format compatibility, antigen purity, and epitope accessibility in the development of reliable field-applicable diagnostic tests for coenurosis. The findings demonstrate that strong immunoreactivity in laboratory-based assays does not necessarily translate into functionality in rapid diagnostic formats, highlighting critical format-dependent limitations in assay development.</p>

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Evaluation of recombinant Taenia multiceps HSP70 antigen in a dipstick-based rapid diagnostic test for ovine coenurosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Seyma Gunyakti-Kilinc,
  • Figen Celik,
  • Harun Kaya Kesik,
  • Muhammet Uslug,
  • Sami Simsek

摘要

Background

Coenurus cerebralis, the larval stage of Taenia multiceps, causes coenurosis, a severe neurological disease in sheep associated with significant economic losses. Ante-mortem diagnosis remains difficult due to non-specific clinical signs and the limited applicability of laboratory-based methods under field conditions. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has previously shown promising immunoreactivity in laboratory assays, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic antigen. This study aimed to evaluate the format-dependent performance of a laboratory-validated recombinant antigen when translated into a dipstick-based rapid diagnostic assay for ovine coenurosis.

Results

Despite strong immunoreactivity in Western blot analysis, rTmHSP70 failed to generate a visible test line signal in the dipstick assay under all tested conditions. In contrast, a partially purified hydatid cyst antigen produced visible signals but also caused non-specific reactions and false-positive results. These findings demonstrate that rTmHSP70, although suitable for laboratory-based assays, is not compatible with dipstick-format rapid diagnostics.

Conclusion

The study underscores the importance of assay format compatibility, antigen purity, and epitope accessibility in the development of reliable field-applicable diagnostic tests for coenurosis. The findings demonstrate that strong immunoreactivity in laboratory-based assays does not necessarily translate into functionality in rapid diagnostic formats, highlighting critical format-dependent limitations in assay development.