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<p>Duck circovirus (DuCV) is an immunosuppressive virus that primarily causes growth retardation and immunosuppression in infected ducks, often leading to secondary infections, thereby posing a serious threat to the global duck industry. Currently, most indirect ELISA assays for DuCV rely on antibodies targeting the Cap structural protein; however, these methods cannot distinguish between antibodies generated by natural infection and those induced by vaccination. In this study, the Rep non-structural protein and truncated Cap structural protein lacking the nuclear localization signal (ΔCap) were successfully expressed using a prokaryotic Escherichia coli expression system. Two indirect ELISA methods were developed using the two proteins as coating antigens, and the method conditions were further optimized. The results demonstrated that both the Rep-ELISA and ΔCap-ELISA exhibited high specificity and sensitivity. When applied to duck serum samples from parts of Shandong Province, the correlation rates between the ELISA and conventional PCR methods were 95.5% and 93.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the positive detection rates in sera from vaccinated ducks were 10% for Rep-ELISA and 91% for ΔCap-ELISA, indicating that the ELISA method established in this study can differentiate between natural infection and vaccine immunization. This study provides a novel serological tool for epidemiological surveillance and vaccine evaluation of DuCV.</p>

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Development of an indirect ELISA for Duck circovirus detection based on prokaryotically expressed antigen

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Mian Wu,
  • Yudong Zhu,
  • Mingtian Mao,
  • Bing Li,
  • Suyun Liang,
  • Huihui Li,
  • Chengguang Lu,
  • Meixi Lu,
  • Hongyu Ma,
  • Xuezhi Cui,
  • Qinghai Han,
  • Dongping Wang,
  • Huiling Zhang,
  • Guodong Luo,
  • Youxiang Diao,
  • Junxun Li,
  • Yi Tang

摘要

Duck circovirus (DuCV) is an immunosuppressive virus that primarily causes growth retardation and immunosuppression in infected ducks, often leading to secondary infections, thereby posing a serious threat to the global duck industry. Currently, most indirect ELISA assays for DuCV rely on antibodies targeting the Cap structural protein; however, these methods cannot distinguish between antibodies generated by natural infection and those induced by vaccination. In this study, the Rep non-structural protein and truncated Cap structural protein lacking the nuclear localization signal (ΔCap) were successfully expressed using a prokaryotic Escherichia coli expression system. Two indirect ELISA methods were developed using the two proteins as coating antigens, and the method conditions were further optimized. The results demonstrated that both the Rep-ELISA and ΔCap-ELISA exhibited high specificity and sensitivity. When applied to duck serum samples from parts of Shandong Province, the correlation rates between the ELISA and conventional PCR methods were 95.5% and 93.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the positive detection rates in sera from vaccinated ducks were 10% for Rep-ELISA and 91% for ΔCap-ELISA, indicating that the ELISA method established in this study can differentiate between natural infection and vaccine immunization. This study provides a novel serological tool for epidemiological surveillance and vaccine evaluation of DuCV.