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Background <p>This study evaluated L-carnitine’s impact on oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and pulmonary hypertensive response in broilers under high-altitude and cold stress.</p> Method <p>A total of 225 male broiler chicks (Ross 308, 38.5 ± 0.5&#xa0;g) were raised at 2100&#xa0;m altitude and exposed to cold stress. Birds were divided into three groups: control, LC-50 (50&#xa0;mg/kg L-carnitine), and LC-100 (100&#xa0;mg/kg L-carnitine). At 42 days, blood and tissues were collected to measure malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), hematocrit, and right ventricular to total ventricular weight (RV: TV) ratio (PHS indicator). Gene expression of <i>superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1)</i>,<i> glutathione peroxidase (GPX)</i>,<i> catalase (CAT)</i>,<i> carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1)</i>,<i> carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2)</i>, and <i>inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)</i> was analyzed in the heart, lung, and hindbrain using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).</p> Results <p>The RV: TV ratio, MDA levels, and hematocrit (%) significantly decreased in the LC-50 and LC-100 groups compared to the control group, while nitric oxide levels increased (For all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The expression of <i>SOD1</i>,<i> GPX</i>,<i> CAT</i>, and <i>iNOS</i> genes was significantly increased in the heart, lung, and hindbrain of the LC-100 group compared to the control group (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05), while <i>CPT1</i> and <i>CPT2</i> expression increased significantly only in the heart and hindbrain (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Dietary L-carnitine, especially at 100&#xa0;mg/kg, effectively alleviates oxidative stress, enhances vasodilation, improves lipid metabolism, and mitigates pulmonary hypertensive responses in broilers exposed to high-altitude hypoxia and cold stress.</p>

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Dietary L-carnitine modulates oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and pulmonary hypertension in chickens raised at high-altitude under cold stress

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月22日

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  • Behnam Ahmadipour,
  • Masoud Hayat Isfahani,
  • Samira Abaszadeh,
  • Hossein Hassanpour,
  • Fariborz Khajali

摘要

Background

This study evaluated L-carnitine’s impact on oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and pulmonary hypertensive response in broilers under high-altitude and cold stress.

Method

A total of 225 male broiler chicks (Ross 308, 38.5 ± 0.5 g) were raised at 2100 m altitude and exposed to cold stress. Birds were divided into three groups: control, LC-50 (50 mg/kg L-carnitine), and LC-100 (100 mg/kg L-carnitine). At 42 days, blood and tissues were collected to measure malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), hematocrit, and right ventricular to total ventricular weight (RV: TV) ratio (PHS indicator). Gene expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was analyzed in the heart, lung, and hindbrain using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results

The RV: TV ratio, MDA levels, and hematocrit (%) significantly decreased in the LC-50 and LC-100 groups compared to the control group, while nitric oxide levels increased (For all P < 0.05). The expression of SOD1, GPX, CAT, and iNOS genes was significantly increased in the heart, lung, and hindbrain of the LC-100 group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), while CPT1 and CPT2 expression increased significantly only in the heart and hindbrain (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Dietary L-carnitine, especially at 100 mg/kg, effectively alleviates oxidative stress, enhances vasodilation, improves lipid metabolism, and mitigates pulmonary hypertensive responses in broilers exposed to high-altitude hypoxia and cold stress.