Background <p>Posture management is very important in the nursing care of premature infants. This study aimed to investigate the status quo and influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and practice in posture management of premature infants among neonatal nurses.</p> Methods <p>This study included the nurses worked in the department of neonates of our hospital as the survey population from May 1 to 25, 2023. The general information questionnaire and the neonatal nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire were used to collect data. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the factors influencing the knowledge, attitude and behavior of posture managements.</p> Results <p>One hundred fifty-two neonatal nurses were surveyed in this study. The average knowledge, attitude and behavior score on the posture management were (57.21 ± 6.33), (30.86 ± 5.61) and (52.25 ± 7.18) respectively. There were positive correlations in the nurses' knowledge, attitude and behavior scores on the posture management (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Years of work experience, marital status and had accepted premature infants posture management training were the independent factors influencing knowledge, attitude and behavior on the posture management of premature infants in neonatal nurses (all <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusions <p>Neonatal nurses attach great importance to the posture management of premature infants, but their knowledge and skills need to be improved, and there are many related influencing factors. Nursing managers should strengthen the training related to the postural management of premature infants and improve their knowledge and ability of posture management of premature infants.</p>