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Background <p>Chronic heart failure requires effective dyadic self-care management, yet the longitudinal relationship between distinct dyadic self-care profiles and quality of life trajectories remains unclear. This study aimed to identify distinct self-care profiles in chronic heart failure patient-caregiver dyads and examine their associations with quality of life trajectories from hospitalization to three months post-discharge.</p> Methods <p>This prospective cohort study enrolled 330 patient-caregiver dyads with chronic heart failure. Data were collected at hospitalization, one month, and three months post-discharge via the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index and the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index for dyadic self-care, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire for patient quality of life, and the Family Caregiver Quality of Life scale for caregiver quality of life. Latent class analysis was used to identify dyadic self-care profiles, and generalized estimating equations were employed to examine longitudinal associations.</p> Results <p>Latent class analysis revealed three distinct dyadic self-care profiles: dyadic dependent (23.94%), dyadic passive (49.39%), and dyadic active (26.67%). Using generalized estimating equations, we found that at 3 months post-discharge, patients in the Dyadic Active group had a significantly lower total Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire score (67.6, indicating better quality of life, than did those in the Dependent (77.6, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) and Passive (77.1, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001) groups. Caregivers in the Dyadic Active group maintained stable Family Caregiver Quality of Life scale scores over time (<i>P</i> = 0.210), whereas those in the other two groups experienced significant decreases (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001).</p> Conclusions <p>Distinct self-care profiles are associated with significantly different quality of life trajectories for chronic heart failure patients and their caregivers. These findings underscore the necessity for profile-specific interventions tailored to the unique characteristics of each dyad to mitigate quality of life deterioration.</p> Clinical trial number <p>Not applicable.</p>

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Self-care profiles and quality of life trajectories in patients with chronic heart failure-caregiver dyads: a prospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Lei He,
  • Qiao Zhen,
  • Rulan Yin,
  • Ying Nan Zhao,
  • Jun Hui Li,
  • Li Yun Shang,
  • Min Xia Lu,
  • Xiao Qing Shi

摘要

Background

Chronic heart failure requires effective dyadic self-care management, yet the longitudinal relationship between distinct dyadic self-care profiles and quality of life trajectories remains unclear. This study aimed to identify distinct self-care profiles in chronic heart failure patient-caregiver dyads and examine their associations with quality of life trajectories from hospitalization to three months post-discharge.

Methods

This prospective cohort study enrolled 330 patient-caregiver dyads with chronic heart failure. Data were collected at hospitalization, one month, and three months post-discharge via the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index and the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index for dyadic self-care, the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire for patient quality of life, and the Family Caregiver Quality of Life scale for caregiver quality of life. Latent class analysis was used to identify dyadic self-care profiles, and generalized estimating equations were employed to examine longitudinal associations.

Results

Latent class analysis revealed three distinct dyadic self-care profiles: dyadic dependent (23.94%), dyadic passive (49.39%), and dyadic active (26.67%). Using generalized estimating equations, we found that at 3 months post-discharge, patients in the Dyadic Active group had a significantly lower total Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire score (67.6, indicating better quality of life, than did those in the Dependent (77.6, P < 0.001) and Passive (77.1, P < 0.001) groups. Caregivers in the Dyadic Active group maintained stable Family Caregiver Quality of Life scale scores over time (P = 0.210), whereas those in the other two groups experienced significant decreases (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Distinct self-care profiles are associated with significantly different quality of life trajectories for chronic heart failure patients and their caregivers. These findings underscore the necessity for profile-specific interventions tailored to the unique characteristics of each dyad to mitigate quality of life deterioration.

Clinical trial number

Not applicable.