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Background <p>Incident reporting is fundamental for patient safety. However, several factors hinder reporting, including fear of blame, uncertainty about the consequences, perceptions of reporting as time-consuming, and punitive organizational culture. Nurses face psychosocial and organizational barriers globally, which may further discourage reporting. This study aimed to assess nurses' self-reported practices, perceived barriers, knowledge, and role of self-esteem in incident reporting in Palestine.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using an electronic questionnaire completed by 300 nurses from government and private hospitals in the West Bank. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation tests to examine socio-demographics, awareness, self-reported practices, perceived barriers using a 19-item scale, and self-esteem measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.</p> Results <p>Nurses demonstrated a moderate level of awareness and engagement in incident reporting, with an average awareness score of 3.05 out of 5 and a mean self-perceived reporting practice score of 26.61 out of 44, equivalent to approximately 60.5% of the maximum score. The most frequently cited barriers were fear of disciplinary action (64.7%), lack of feedback (39%) and time constraints (36.4%). The majority of nurses (79%) had normal/average self-esteem, 14% had low self-esteem, and 7% had high self-esteem. Significant correlations were found between awareness and self-reported practices (r = .492), as well as between self-esteem and self-reported practices (r = .284). </p> Conclusion <p>A notable gap exists between nurses' awareness and actual practice of incident reporting. Overcoming barriers requires institutional reforms such as non-punitive reporting policies, efficient reporting systems, timely feedback, and targeted educational interventions. Furthermore, fostering supportive work environments to enhance self-esteem may contribute to increased compliance with incident reporting protocols.</p>

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Awareness, self-practices, barriers, and the impact of self-esteem on incident reporting among Palestinian nurses: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Imad Asmar,
  • Maram Jaghama,
  • Rand Taleb,
  • Maram Sharif,
  • Meera Basha

摘要

Background

Incident reporting is fundamental for patient safety. However, several factors hinder reporting, including fear of blame, uncertainty about the consequences, perceptions of reporting as time-consuming, and punitive organizational culture. Nurses face psychosocial and organizational barriers globally, which may further discourage reporting. This study aimed to assess nurses' self-reported practices, perceived barriers, knowledge, and role of self-esteem in incident reporting in Palestine.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using an electronic questionnaire completed by 300 nurses from government and private hospitals in the West Bank. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation tests to examine socio-demographics, awareness, self-reported practices, perceived barriers using a 19-item scale, and self-esteem measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.

Results

Nurses demonstrated a moderate level of awareness and engagement in incident reporting, with an average awareness score of 3.05 out of 5 and a mean self-perceived reporting practice score of 26.61 out of 44, equivalent to approximately 60.5% of the maximum score. The most frequently cited barriers were fear of disciplinary action (64.7%), lack of feedback (39%) and time constraints (36.4%). The majority of nurses (79%) had normal/average self-esteem, 14% had low self-esteem, and 7% had high self-esteem. Significant correlations were found between awareness and self-reported practices (r = .492), as well as between self-esteem and self-reported practices (r = .284).

Conclusion

A notable gap exists between nurses' awareness and actual practice of incident reporting. Overcoming barriers requires institutional reforms such as non-punitive reporting policies, efficient reporting systems, timely feedback, and targeted educational interventions. Furthermore, fostering supportive work environments to enhance self-esteem may contribute to increased compliance with incident reporting protocols.