Background <p>Interventional radiology (IR) provides minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and is increasingly integrated into routine clinical care. Family physicians play a key role in recognizing indications for IR and referring patients appropriately; however, their level of knowledge regarding IR remains uncertain.</p> Aims <p>To assess the knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of interventional radiology among family medicine residents in Turkey and to evaluate factors associated with knowledge levels.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among family medicine residents between August and October 2023 using a structured 21-item online questionnaire. The survey assessed sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to IR training, and knowledge of IR procedures. Knowledge scores were calculated using ten items. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and chi-square tests, with significance set at <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05.</p> Results <p>A total of 413 residents participated in the study. Overall, 60.6% of participants reported having an adequate level of knowledge regarding interventional radiology (IR), whereas only 25.5% stated that they directly referred patients to IR units. Commonly performed procedures, such as image-guided biopsy and drainage, were correctly identified by most participants; however, misconceptions were noted regarding several other interventional procedures. Residents who had completed clinical rotations associated with IR, particularly in cardiology and obstetrics and gynecology, demonstrated higher knowledge scores compared with those without such experience.</p> Conclusions <p>Family medicine residents demonstrated moderate awareness of interventional radiology, with knowledge gaps remaining in specific procedural areas. Clinical exposure through rotations may improve understanding. Incorporating structured IR education into residency training may enhance appropriate referral practices.</p>