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Background <p>Curcumin, the main bioactive compound in <i>Curcuma longa</i> L., has long been traditionally used for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal diseases. Preclinical studies have provided substantial evidence supporting its potential therapeutic effects. However, a systematic synthesis of these findings is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin on upper gastrointestinal outcomes in animals through systematic review and meta-analysis.</p> Methods <p>Studies were retrieved from three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) and through a hand search in Google Scholar, covering the period from inception to 2024. Animal studies comparing curcumin with control were selected and analyzed using RStudio version 2024.12.0. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the main effect sizes. The risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s tool. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and qualitative synthesis were also performed.</p> Results <p>A total of 49 studies were included in the analysis. The results indicated that curcumin significantly improved various outcomes, such as acid output (SMD = -1.47; 95% CI: -2.03–-0.92; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and ulcer index (SMD = -2.19; 95% CI: -2.64–-1.73; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) in animals. It also improved oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, blood glucose level, and gastric emptying rate. However, the analyses revealed substantial heterogeneity, and the risk of bias was unclear in most studies, with five studies assessed as having a high risk of bias.</p> Conclusions <p>Curcumin exhibits beneficial effects on various upper gastrointestinal disorders in animal models, including gastric ulcers, diabetic gastroparesis, esophageal diseases, <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection, and gastritis. These findings underscore curcumin’s therapeutic potential and highlight the need for clinical investigations to validate its translational applicability in humans.</p> Systematic review registration <p>Registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (registration number: CRD42024603162).</p>

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Therapeutic effects of curcumin on upper gastrointestinal diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月5日

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  • Kankanit Yeerong,
  • Ratchanon Inpan,
  • Jakkrit Aisara,
  • Kornvipa Settakorn,
  • Mingkwan Na Takuathung,
  • Nithi Thinrungroj,
  • Nut Koonrungsesomboon

摘要

Background

Curcumin, the main bioactive compound in Curcuma longa L., has long been traditionally used for the treatment of upper gastrointestinal diseases. Preclinical studies have provided substantial evidence supporting its potential therapeutic effects. However, a systematic synthesis of these findings is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of curcumin on upper gastrointestinal outcomes in animals through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

Studies were retrieved from three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) and through a hand search in Google Scholar, covering the period from inception to 2024. Animal studies comparing curcumin with control were selected and analyzed using RStudio version 2024.12.0. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the main effect sizes. The risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE’s tool. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and qualitative synthesis were also performed.

Results

A total of 49 studies were included in the analysis. The results indicated that curcumin significantly improved various outcomes, such as acid output (SMD = -1.47; 95% CI: -2.03–-0.92; p < 0.0001) and ulcer index (SMD = -2.19; 95% CI: -2.64–-1.73; p < 0.0001) in animals. It also improved oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, blood glucose level, and gastric emptying rate. However, the analyses revealed substantial heterogeneity, and the risk of bias was unclear in most studies, with five studies assessed as having a high risk of bias.

Conclusions

Curcumin exhibits beneficial effects on various upper gastrointestinal disorders in animal models, including gastric ulcers, diabetic gastroparesis, esophageal diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastritis. These findings underscore curcumin’s therapeutic potential and highlight the need for clinical investigations to validate its translational applicability in humans.

Systematic review registration

Registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (registration number: CRD42024603162).