Background <p>Previous studies have investigated the frequency and target symptoms of palliative sedation in patients with home-based cancer. However, the status of home-based non-cancer patients remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the frequency and target symptoms of palliative sedation in home-based non-cancer patients in Japan.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a post hoc analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study of elderly non-cancer patients at home in Japan between January 2020 and December 2020. The physicians routinely assessed and recorded symptoms and treatment every 3 months until home care was discontinued or until the patient died at home. This multicenter prospective cohort study targeted non-cancer patients aged 65 years and over receiving care at home or in nursing homes.</p> Results <p>Of the 785 patients, 195 died at home or in nursing homes. Seven patients (3.6%) received palliative sedation before death. The target symptoms for sedation were delirium and dyspnea.</p> Conclusions <p>The sedation rate for noncancer patients at home is relatively low, and the major target symptoms of sedation are delirium and dyspnea.</p>