Scholarlink

Background <p>Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) represent a significant public health concern in pediatric populations, contributing to elevated caries susceptibility, aesthetic problems, and impaired masticatory function. This study aimed to identify independent, modifiable associated factors for DDE and to construct a predictive nomogram for individualized risk stratification.</p> Methods <p>A population-based cross-sectional study included 106 children randomly recruited from the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University. DDE was diagnosed per standardized clinical criteria in both primary and permanent teeth. Based on existing evidence and published studies, a questionnaire was developed for this study to explore DDE associated factors during the perinatal and early postnatal periods. Univariate logistic regression analysis was employed to screen potential predictors, with significant variables (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.10) entered into a stepwise multivariate logistic regression model. Model performance was evaluated using discrimination (area under curve [AUC]), calibration, and 10-fold cross-validation (CV) repeated 200 times. A clinical nomogram was developed based on the final regression model.</p> Results <p>The univariate logistic regression analysis revealed 6 variables associated with DDE at <i>P</i> &lt; 0.10. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, only 2 independent predictors of DDE remained: frequent use of plastic feeding bottle or pacifiers in children (Odds Ratio [OR] = 4.069, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.679–9.861, <i>P</i> = 0.002) and routine supplement intake during maternal pregnancy (OR = 0.314, 95% CI: 0.122–0.807, <i>P</i> = 0.016). The predictive model demonstrated moderate discriminative validity (AUC = 0.683) and good internal consistency (mean cross-validated AUC = 0.685). A visual nomogram was constructed to quantify the individual risk of DDE based on these two key factors.</p> Conclusions <p>This clinical epidemiology study confirms that plastic feeding bottle or pacifier exposure is an associated factor for DDE, while prenatal maternal supplementation may serves as a helpful factor. The developed nomogram provides a laboratory tool for individualized DDE risk preliminary stratification, and only functions as an initial prototype for the further construction and optimization of DDE risk prediction models.</p> Trial registration <p>Not applicable.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Modifiable factors associated with developmental defects of enamel in primary and permanent teeth: a cross-sectional clinical and questionnaire-based study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

查看全文
  • Yue Pan,
  • Leina Gao,
  • Huali Gao,
  • Xiaoling Luan,
  • Xiaoyan Wang,
  • Dixin Cui

摘要

Background

Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) represent a significant public health concern in pediatric populations, contributing to elevated caries susceptibility, aesthetic problems, and impaired masticatory function. This study aimed to identify independent, modifiable associated factors for DDE and to construct a predictive nomogram for individualized risk stratification.

Methods

A population-based cross-sectional study included 106 children randomly recruited from the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University. DDE was diagnosed per standardized clinical criteria in both primary and permanent teeth. Based on existing evidence and published studies, a questionnaire was developed for this study to explore DDE associated factors during the perinatal and early postnatal periods. Univariate logistic regression analysis was employed to screen potential predictors, with significant variables (P < 0.10) entered into a stepwise multivariate logistic regression model. Model performance was evaluated using discrimination (area under curve [AUC]), calibration, and 10-fold cross-validation (CV) repeated 200 times. A clinical nomogram was developed based on the final regression model.

Results

The univariate logistic regression analysis revealed 6 variables associated with DDE at P < 0.10. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, only 2 independent predictors of DDE remained: frequent use of plastic feeding bottle or pacifiers in children (Odds Ratio [OR] = 4.069, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.679–9.861, P = 0.002) and routine supplement intake during maternal pregnancy (OR = 0.314, 95% CI: 0.122–0.807, P = 0.016). The predictive model demonstrated moderate discriminative validity (AUC = 0.683) and good internal consistency (mean cross-validated AUC = 0.685). A visual nomogram was constructed to quantify the individual risk of DDE based on these two key factors.

Conclusions

This clinical epidemiology study confirms that plastic feeding bottle or pacifier exposure is an associated factor for DDE, while prenatal maternal supplementation may serves as a helpful factor. The developed nomogram provides a laboratory tool for individualized DDE risk preliminary stratification, and only functions as an initial prototype for the further construction and optimization of DDE risk prediction models.

Trial registration

Not applicable.