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Background <p>Median palatine cysts (MPCs) and nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDCs) are rare non-odontogenic cystic lesions in the pediatric population. Due to their low incidence and often asymptomatic nature in children, these cysts are frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed. To the best of our knowledge, few comparative pediatric cases have been reported. The novelty lies in the detailed histopathological differentiation and the analysis of their impact on maxillofacial development, providing a crucial clinical reference for early intervention.</p> Case presentation <p>In this report, two pediatric patients presented with similar clinical manifestations and obvious dental malalignment. Initial imaging suggested NPDCs in both cases. Both patients underwent complete cyst removal via endoscopic nasal surgery. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the distinct diagnoses: one as an MPC and the other as an NPDC. The primary histopathological differentiator was the composition of the fibrous cyst wall; the NPDC contained specialized structures (blood vessels, nerves, and mucous glands), which were absent in the MPC. At the two-year follow-up, both patients showed favorable maxillofacial development and no signs of recurrence.</p> Conclusions <p>These cases illustrate that while MPCs and NPDCs may share clinical similarities, they possess distinct histopathological characteristics. The endoscopic approach appears to be a feasible surgical option in these cases. Early and accurate differential diagnosis can aid in surgical planning and may help mitigate potential impacts on pediatric maxillofacial development, offering useful insights for otolaryngologists and pediatric dentists.</p>

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Pediatric nasopalatine vs. median palatine cysts: differential diagnosis and endoscopic management – a comparative case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月4日

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  • Xiuping Wu,
  • Jing Wei,
  • Chen Liu,
  • Pengpeng Wang,
  • Xiao Xiao,
  • Wentong Ge,
  • Yang Han

摘要

Background

Median palatine cysts (MPCs) and nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDCs) are rare non-odontogenic cystic lesions in the pediatric population. Due to their low incidence and often asymptomatic nature in children, these cysts are frequently overlooked or misdiagnosed. To the best of our knowledge, few comparative pediatric cases have been reported. The novelty lies in the detailed histopathological differentiation and the analysis of their impact on maxillofacial development, providing a crucial clinical reference for early intervention.

Case presentation

In this report, two pediatric patients presented with similar clinical manifestations and obvious dental malalignment. Initial imaging suggested NPDCs in both cases. Both patients underwent complete cyst removal via endoscopic nasal surgery. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the distinct diagnoses: one as an MPC and the other as an NPDC. The primary histopathological differentiator was the composition of the fibrous cyst wall; the NPDC contained specialized structures (blood vessels, nerves, and mucous glands), which were absent in the MPC. At the two-year follow-up, both patients showed favorable maxillofacial development and no signs of recurrence.

Conclusions

These cases illustrate that while MPCs and NPDCs may share clinical similarities, they possess distinct histopathological characteristics. The endoscopic approach appears to be a feasible surgical option in these cases. Early and accurate differential diagnosis can aid in surgical planning and may help mitigate potential impacts on pediatric maxillofacial development, offering useful insights for otolaryngologists and pediatric dentists.