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Background <p>Radiotherapy remains a cornerstone in tumour management; however, it can lead to deleterious effects on alveolar bone, including hypovascularity, endarteritis, and osteoradionecrosis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive alveolar bone loss and eventual tooth loss. Isoflavones, plant-derived phytoestrogens, have been recognized for their bone-protective and anti-osteoporotic properties. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of two different concentrations of isoflavones in mitigating gamma radiation– and ligature-induced periodontitis in rats’ mandibles.</p> Methods <p>Forty-eight male albino rats were divided into six groups: gamma radiation-induced periodontitis (R), ligature-induced periodontitis (P), gamma radiation-induced periodontitis treated with 20&#xa0;mg/kg isoflavones (R20), ligature-induced periodontitis treated with isoflavones at 20&#xa0;mg/kg (P20), gamma radiation-induced periodontitis treated with 50&#xa0;mg/kg isoflavones (R50), and ligature-induced periodontitis treated with isoflavones at 50&#xa0;mg/kg (P50). Following euthanasia, mandibles were divided into two halves for radiographic bone density and histopathological assessments.</p> Results <p>The lowest bone density values were recorded in the R group, while the P50 group exhibited the highest bone density. A trend toward improvement in bone mineralization with increasing dose of isoflavones. Histologically, the R group showed hypovascular Haversian canals, osteocytes with eccentric nuclei, and enlarged lacunae. R20 group demonstrated partially restored vascularity, Haversian canals containing blood vessels, and osteocytes showing wide and narrow lacunae. R50 group exhibited marked improved histoarchitecture, narrow Haversian canals containing red blood cell-filled vessels, and well-organized bone matrix. In the P group, marked alveolar bone and periodontal ligament loss were evident, with osteocytes exhibiting enlarged lacunae. Isoflavone at 20&#xa0;mg/kg (P20) resulted in partial regeneration of periodontal fibers and normalization of lacunar morphology, whereas a 50&#xa0;mg/kg dose (P50) led to pronounced periodontal regeneration, narrow Haversian canals containing vascular structures, and distinct Volkmann’s, Zuckerkandl, and Hirschfeld canals.</p> Conclusion <p>Isoflavones, particularly at a concentration of 50&#xa0;mg/kg body weight, effectively preserved bone microarchitecture, enhanced vascularization, and promoted periodontal tissue regeneration. These findings suggest that isoflavone may serve as a promising adjunctive therapeutic agent for mitigating radiation-associated and inflammatory alveolar bone loss.</p>

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Soy-isoflavone to remedy induced or post-gamma-irradiation periodontitis in rat model

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Dina M. Hegab,
  • Mostafa A. Bakr,
  • Amr H. Rasmy,
  • Ahmed Abdelrahman,
  • Amira I. Sayed

摘要

Background

Radiotherapy remains a cornerstone in tumour management; however, it can lead to deleterious effects on alveolar bone, including hypovascularity, endarteritis, and osteoradionecrosis. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive alveolar bone loss and eventual tooth loss. Isoflavones, plant-derived phytoestrogens, have been recognized for their bone-protective and anti-osteoporotic properties. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of two different concentrations of isoflavones in mitigating gamma radiation– and ligature-induced periodontitis in rats’ mandibles.

Methods

Forty-eight male albino rats were divided into six groups: gamma radiation-induced periodontitis (R), ligature-induced periodontitis (P), gamma radiation-induced periodontitis treated with 20 mg/kg isoflavones (R20), ligature-induced periodontitis treated with isoflavones at 20 mg/kg (P20), gamma radiation-induced periodontitis treated with 50 mg/kg isoflavones (R50), and ligature-induced periodontitis treated with isoflavones at 50 mg/kg (P50). Following euthanasia, mandibles were divided into two halves for radiographic bone density and histopathological assessments.

Results

The lowest bone density values were recorded in the R group, while the P50 group exhibited the highest bone density. A trend toward improvement in bone mineralization with increasing dose of isoflavones. Histologically, the R group showed hypovascular Haversian canals, osteocytes with eccentric nuclei, and enlarged lacunae. R20 group demonstrated partially restored vascularity, Haversian canals containing blood vessels, and osteocytes showing wide and narrow lacunae. R50 group exhibited marked improved histoarchitecture, narrow Haversian canals containing red blood cell-filled vessels, and well-organized bone matrix. In the P group, marked alveolar bone and periodontal ligament loss were evident, with osteocytes exhibiting enlarged lacunae. Isoflavone at 20 mg/kg (P20) resulted in partial regeneration of periodontal fibers and normalization of lacunar morphology, whereas a 50 mg/kg dose (P50) led to pronounced periodontal regeneration, narrow Haversian canals containing vascular structures, and distinct Volkmann’s, Zuckerkandl, and Hirschfeld canals.

Conclusion

Isoflavones, particularly at a concentration of 50 mg/kg body weight, effectively preserved bone microarchitecture, enhanced vascularization, and promoted periodontal tissue regeneration. These findings suggest that isoflavone may serve as a promising adjunctive therapeutic agent for mitigating radiation-associated and inflammatory alveolar bone loss.