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Background <p>The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) concentration on the remineralization of artificial enamel lesions in a pH cycling (pHc) model in vitro, as well as the effect of different durations to the pHc.</p> Methods <p>Bovine enamel specimen were prepared and two artificial caries lesions were created with a demineralization solution (pH 4.95; 28&#xa0;d) separated by varnish. Specimens were randomly assigned to three groups for different PAA concentrations (<i>n</i> = 40). One lesion in each specimen was etched (37% H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, 5&#xa0;s) and infiltrated with PAA (0.1, 1 or 10&#xa0;mg/ml), the other lesion served as a non-treatment control (NTC). To obtain a baseline control (BL), specimens were cut perpendicularly to the lesions. The remaining halves (E) were exposed to pHc (21&#xa0;h/d: pH = 7; 3&#xa0;h/d: pH = 4.95) for either 28&#xa0;d or 56&#xa0;d (<i>n</i> = 20). The difference in integrated mineral loss between baseline and after pHc was analyzed using transverse microradiography (ΔΔZ = ΔZ<sub>E—</sub>ΔZ<sub>BL</sub>).</p> Results <p>After 28&#xa0;days, lesions treated with 0.1&#xa0;mg/ml and 1&#xa0;mg/ml PAA showed significantly greater mineral gain than NTC (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05, Wilcoxon), while 10&#xa0;mg/ml PAA showed no significant effect (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Prolonging pHc to 56&#xa0;days did not yield significant differences between groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis).</p> Conclusions <p>Lower concentrations of PAA seem to promote remineralization in the chosen pHc model.</p>

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Polyacrylic Acid concentrations on biomimetic remineralization in artificial enamel lesions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月28日

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  • Paul Vieweg,
  • Maj Dieke,
  • Marc Staiger,
  • Sebastian Paris,
  • Basel Kharbot

摘要

Background

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Polyacrylic Acid (PAA) concentration on the remineralization of artificial enamel lesions in a pH cycling (pHc) model in vitro, as well as the effect of different durations to the pHc.

Methods

Bovine enamel specimen were prepared and two artificial caries lesions were created with a demineralization solution (pH 4.95; 28 d) separated by varnish. Specimens were randomly assigned to three groups for different PAA concentrations (n = 40). One lesion in each specimen was etched (37% H3PO4, 5 s) and infiltrated with PAA (0.1, 1 or 10 mg/ml), the other lesion served as a non-treatment control (NTC). To obtain a baseline control (BL), specimens were cut perpendicularly to the lesions. The remaining halves (E) were exposed to pHc (21 h/d: pH = 7; 3 h/d: pH = 4.95) for either 28 d or 56 d (n = 20). The difference in integrated mineral loss between baseline and after pHc was analyzed using transverse microradiography (ΔΔZ = ΔZE—ΔZBL).

Results

After 28 days, lesions treated with 0.1 mg/ml and 1 mg/ml PAA showed significantly greater mineral gain than NTC (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon), while 10 mg/ml PAA showed no significant effect (p > 0.05). Prolonging pHc to 56 days did not yield significant differences between groups (p > 0.05, Kruskal–Wallis).

Conclusions

Lower concentrations of PAA seem to promote remineralization in the chosen pHc model.