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Background <p>Dental pulp inflammation and impaired tissue repair remain critical challenges in endodontic therapy, often exacerbated by hypoxia and dysregulated immune responses.</p> Methods <p>We developed a procyanidin-copper-loaded oxygen-generating microneedle hydrogel (CA-PCC-CAT) releasing active components into deeply infected pulp tissue in a pH-responsive manner to exert potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.</p> Results <p>In vitro experiments demonstrated that the hydrogel effectively protected hDPSCs through its multifunctions, including antibacterial activity, antioxidative stress modulation, anti-inflammatory action, and hypoxia alleviation. Simultaneously, it augmented macrophage efferocytosis by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby facilitating the clearance of apoptotic cells and enhancing tissue repair.</p> Conclusions <p>This study represents a promising strategy for developing multifunctional biomaterials to amplify the anti-inflammatory capacity of hDPSCs and advance the field of pulp preservation and regenerative therapy.</p>

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Synergistic proanthocyanidin-copper oxygen-generating microneedle enhances anti-inflammatory activity in dental pulp stem cells and macrophage efferocytosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Yating Miao,
  • Yidan Wang,
  • Yun Yang,
  • ZhiPu Luo,
  • Yakang Wang,
  • Bo Lei,
  • Ruirui Liu

摘要

Background

Dental pulp inflammation and impaired tissue repair remain critical challenges in endodontic therapy, often exacerbated by hypoxia and dysregulated immune responses.

Methods

We developed a procyanidin-copper-loaded oxygen-generating microneedle hydrogel (CA-PCC-CAT) releasing active components into deeply infected pulp tissue in a pH-responsive manner to exert potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

Results

In vitro experiments demonstrated that the hydrogel effectively protected hDPSCs through its multifunctions, including antibacterial activity, antioxidative stress modulation, anti-inflammatory action, and hypoxia alleviation. Simultaneously, it augmented macrophage efferocytosis by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby facilitating the clearance of apoptotic cells and enhancing tissue repair.

Conclusions

This study represents a promising strategy for developing multifunctional biomaterials to amplify the anti-inflammatory capacity of hDPSCs and advance the field of pulp preservation and regenerative therapy.