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Background <p>The prognostic significance of palate invasion in cT3/4N0 maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (MS-SCC) remains ambiguous. This study endeavors to elucidate the impact of palate invasion on the prognosis of cT3/4N0 MS-SCC and to ascertain whether diverse neck management strategies modulate this effect.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective analysis was undertaken on a cohort of patients with surgically managed cT3/4N0 MS-SCC, all of whom had a minimum follow-up period of 5 years. The influence of palate invasion on locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS) was scrutinized using the Cox proportional hazards model. Additionally, the relationship between palate invasion and occult metastasis was evaluated through logistic regression analysis.</p> Results <p>The study encompassed 133 patients, among whom 39 (29.3%) exhibited palate invasion. Elective neck dissection was performed in 58 patients, while the remaining subjects received elective neck irradiation. The Cox model for LRC revealed that patients with palate invasion faced a significantly elevated risk of locoregional recurrence (HR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.17–1.90) compared to those without palate invasion. Similarly, the hazard ratio for palate invasion in the OS model was 1.64 (95%CI: 1.20–1.98), indicating a significantly poorer prognosis in cases with palate invasion. Both elective neck dissection and elective neck irradiation demonstrated comparable LRC and OS outcomes in patients with and without palate invasion. Occult metastasis was detected in 12 patients, and those with palate invasion exhibited nearly a one-fold increase in the risk of lymph node (LN) metastasis (OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.24–3.11) relative to those without palate invasion.</p> Conclusion <p>Palate invasion exerts a significantly adverse effect on both occult metastasis and overall prognosis. However, its influence on prognosis appears to be mitigated when elective neck dissection or elective neck irradiation is employed, suggesting a limited impact under these management strategies.</p>

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Palate invasion in cT3/4 maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma: a study of at least 5-year follow-up

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月18日

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  • Jiheng Wang,
  • Peng Li,
  • Wei Du

摘要

Background

The prognostic significance of palate invasion in cT3/4N0 maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma (MS-SCC) remains ambiguous. This study endeavors to elucidate the impact of palate invasion on the prognosis of cT3/4N0 MS-SCC and to ascertain whether diverse neck management strategies modulate this effect.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was undertaken on a cohort of patients with surgically managed cT3/4N0 MS-SCC, all of whom had a minimum follow-up period of 5 years. The influence of palate invasion on locoregional control (LRC) and overall survival (OS) was scrutinized using the Cox proportional hazards model. Additionally, the relationship between palate invasion and occult metastasis was evaluated through logistic regression analysis.

Results

The study encompassed 133 patients, among whom 39 (29.3%) exhibited palate invasion. Elective neck dissection was performed in 58 patients, while the remaining subjects received elective neck irradiation. The Cox model for LRC revealed that patients with palate invasion faced a significantly elevated risk of locoregional recurrence (HR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.17–1.90) compared to those without palate invasion. Similarly, the hazard ratio for palate invasion in the OS model was 1.64 (95%CI: 1.20–1.98), indicating a significantly poorer prognosis in cases with palate invasion. Both elective neck dissection and elective neck irradiation demonstrated comparable LRC and OS outcomes in patients with and without palate invasion. Occult metastasis was detected in 12 patients, and those with palate invasion exhibited nearly a one-fold increase in the risk of lymph node (LN) metastasis (OR: 1.68; 95%CI: 1.24–3.11) relative to those without palate invasion.

Conclusion

Palate invasion exerts a significantly adverse effect on both occult metastasis and overall prognosis. However, its influence on prognosis appears to be mitigated when elective neck dissection or elective neck irradiation is employed, suggesting a limited impact under these management strategies.