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Objective <p>This study aims to identify risk factors for peri-implantitis in patients with implant-supported restoration, and explore the efficacy of subgingival sandblasting in modulating peri-implant microecology, so as to provide a basis for optimizing clinical management.</p> Methods <p>Ninety-six patients with early peri-implantitis treated from July 2022 to July 2024 were enrolled as the inflammation group and randomly subdivided into control, glycine-based subgingival sandblasting, and erythritol-based subgingival sandblasting groups (n = 32/group). Clinical outcomes were compared. Additionally, 102 patients without inflammation post-implant-supported restoration were selected as the non-inflammation group for independent risk factor analysis.</p> Results <p>Univariate analysis showed that peri-implantitis was related to 9 factors such as lower educational level, smoking, and diabetes (<i>P </i>&lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis further confirmed higher educational level (OR = 0.408) and regular dental cleaning (OR = 0.34) as protective factors, while implant sevice time ≥ 5 years (OR = 4.614) and insufficient keratinized mucosa width (OR = 3.267) as independent risk factors (all <i>P </i>&lt; 0.05). Subgingival sandblasting (glycine/erythritol) significantly reduced plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β; <i>P </i>&lt; 0.05). The erythritol group demonstrated superior long-term anti-inflammatory efficacy (e.g., IL-1β: 4.43 versus glycine 6.02 at 6 months; <i>P </i>&lt; 0.001), though probing depth (PD) improvements attenuated beyond 6 months. Both subgingival sandblasting groups reported significantly higher patient satisfaction scores for aesthetic appearance and functional characteristics than controls (<i>P </i>&lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Peri-implantitis arises from interactions among oral hygiene, anatomical factors, and systemic conditions. Subgingival sandblasting effectively controls peri-implantitis progression by disrupting plaque biofilm and suppressing inflammation, with erythritol offering extended anti-inflammatory benefits. Sustained clinical outcomes needs adjunctive maintenance therapy alongside subgingival sandblasting.</p> ClinicalTrials.gov&#xa0;Identifier <p>NCT06998160(25th/April/2025) https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/beta/records</p>

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Analysis of the factors influencing the occurrence of peri-implantitis in patients with implant-supported restoration and study on the maintenance effect of subgingival sandblasting

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月6日

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  • Taohua Pan,
  • Wei Meng,
  • Minyi Zhang,
  • Yan Xie,
  • Zuoxian Chen,
  • Meilu Zhou,
  • Lifen Yin,
  • Hui Xie

摘要

Objective

This study aims to identify risk factors for peri-implantitis in patients with implant-supported restoration, and explore the efficacy of subgingival sandblasting in modulating peri-implant microecology, so as to provide a basis for optimizing clinical management.

Methods

Ninety-six patients with early peri-implantitis treated from July 2022 to July 2024 were enrolled as the inflammation group and randomly subdivided into control, glycine-based subgingival sandblasting, and erythritol-based subgingival sandblasting groups (n = 32/group). Clinical outcomes were compared. Additionally, 102 patients without inflammation post-implant-supported restoration were selected as the non-inflammation group for independent risk factor analysis.

Results

Univariate analysis showed that peri-implantitis was related to 9 factors such as lower educational level, smoking, and diabetes (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis further confirmed higher educational level (OR = 0.408) and regular dental cleaning (OR = 0.34) as protective factors, while implant sevice time ≥ 5 years (OR = 4.614) and insufficient keratinized mucosa width (OR = 3.267) as independent risk factors (all P < 0.05). Subgingival sandblasting (glycine/erythritol) significantly reduced plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β; P < 0.05). The erythritol group demonstrated superior long-term anti-inflammatory efficacy (e.g., IL-1β: 4.43 versus glycine 6.02 at 6 months; P < 0.001), though probing depth (PD) improvements attenuated beyond 6 months. Both subgingival sandblasting groups reported significantly higher patient satisfaction scores for aesthetic appearance and functional characteristics than controls (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Peri-implantitis arises from interactions among oral hygiene, anatomical factors, and systemic conditions. Subgingival sandblasting effectively controls peri-implantitis progression by disrupting plaque biofilm and suppressing inflammation, with erythritol offering extended anti-inflammatory benefits. Sustained clinical outcomes needs adjunctive maintenance therapy alongside subgingival sandblasting.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier

NCT06998160(25th/April/2025) https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/beta/records