Background Serum uric acid has been suggested to be associated with metabolic abnormalities; however, its independent role remains unclear, particularly among non-obese individuals. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 630 non-obese women (body mass index < 25 kg/m2) selected from an initial cohort of 892 participants. Individuals receiving lipid-lowering therapy and those with missing data on serum uric acid, triglycerides, or HDL-C were excluded. Blood samples included in this analysis were limited to fasting samples obtained as part of routine occupational health examinations. The TG/HDL-C ratio was used as a surrogate marker related to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk, rather than as a direct measure of insulin resistance or clinical cardiovascular outcomes. Associations between serum uric acid and the TG/HDL-C ratio were examined using quartile analysis and multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, medication use, smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight gain since early adulthood. Results The TG/HDL-C ratio increased across quartiles of serum uric acid, particularly in the upper quartiles. In the crude model, serum uric acid was positively associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio (β = 0.060, p = 0.010), but this association was attenuated after multivariable adjustment and was no longer statistically significant (β = 0.025, p = 0.289). In contrast, BMI (β = 0.063, p < 0.001) and weight gain since early adulthood (β = 0.261, p < 0.001) showed stronger adjusted associations with the TG/HDL-C ratio. Exploratory subgroup analyses were interpreted cautiously because of limited sample size. Conclusions In this exploratory cross-sectional study, serum uric acid was not independently associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio after adjustment for confounding factors. These findings suggest that serum uric acid may reflect underlying metabolic status in non-obese working women; however, this interpretation should be considered hypothesis-generating because of the cross-sectional design and the use of the TG/HDL-C ratio as a surrogate marker. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Serum uric acid and TG/HDL-C ratio in non-obese working women: an exploratory cross-sectional study

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2026年6月27日

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Takasuke Asakawa

摘要

Background

Serum uric acid has been suggested to be associated with metabolic abnormalities; however, its independent role remains unclear, particularly among non-obese individuals.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 630 non-obese women (body mass index < 25 kg/m²) selected from an initial cohort of 892 participants. Individuals receiving lipid-lowering therapy and those with missing data on serum uric acid, triglycerides, or HDL-C were excluded. Blood samples included in this analysis were limited to fasting samples obtained as part of routine occupational health examinations. The TG/HDL-C ratio was used as a surrogate marker related to insulin resistance and cardiometabolic risk, rather than as a direct measure of insulin resistance or clinical cardiovascular outcomes. Associations between serum uric acid and the TG/HDL-C ratio were examined using quartile analysis and multivariable linear regression adjusting for age, BMI, systolic blood pressure, medication use, smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight gain since early adulthood.

Results

The TG/HDL-C ratio increased across quartiles of serum uric acid, particularly in the upper quartiles. In the crude model, serum uric acid was positively associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio (β = 0.060, p = 0.010), but this association was attenuated after multivariable adjustment and was no longer statistically significant (β = 0.025, p = 0.289). In contrast, BMI (β = 0.063, p < 0.001) and weight gain since early adulthood (β = 0.261, p < 0.001) showed stronger adjusted associations with the TG/HDL-C ratio. Exploratory subgroup analyses were interpreted cautiously because of limited sample size.

Conclusions

In this exploratory cross-sectional study, serum uric acid was not independently associated with the TG/HDL-C ratio after adjustment for confounding factors. These findings suggest that serum uric acid may reflect underlying metabolic status in non-obese working women; however, this interpretation should be considered hypothesis-generating because of the cross-sectional design and the use of the TG/HDL-C ratio as a surrogate marker.

Clinical trial number

Not applicable.