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Background <p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), significantly impacting the global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM). Testosterone has been implicated in the pathophysiology of DN, yet its specific role remains unclear.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 347 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including 165 with DN and 182 without DN, to explore the relationship between plasma testosterone levels and DN progression. Clinical and biochemical data were collected, and univariate, multivariate regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed. A nomogram predictive model was developed incorporating DN risk factors.</p> Results <p>No significant difference in plasma testosterone levels was observed between DN and DM patients. However, testosterone levels varied significantly across DN stages, peaking in stage G5. Multivariate analysis identified testosterone (OR = 3.13, 95% CI [1.25–8.87]) as an independent risk predictor for poor DN prognosis. The predictive model combining Cyc, testosterone, Age, SBP, DBP, UACR, and demonstrated excellent prediction for the adverse outcomes in DN. (AUC = 0.923, 95% CI: 0.891–1).</p> Conclusion <p>Testosterone plays critical roles in DN progression and prognosis. The developed nomogram offers a practical tool for risk stratification and management of male DN patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings and elucidate the mechanistic pathways linking testosterone to DN progression.</p> Clinical trial number <p>No applicable.</p>

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The association of plasma testosterone level and progression of diabetic nephropathy in male

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Kang Tang,
  • Chao Du,
  • Weitian Zhou,
  • Yuanyuan Jing

摘要

Background

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), significantly impacting the global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM). Testosterone has been implicated in the pathophysiology of DN, yet its specific role remains unclear.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study analyzed 347 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including 165 with DN and 182 without DN, to explore the relationship between plasma testosterone levels and DN progression. Clinical and biochemical data were collected, and univariate, multivariate regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed. A nomogram predictive model was developed incorporating DN risk factors.

Results

No significant difference in plasma testosterone levels was observed between DN and DM patients. However, testosterone levels varied significantly across DN stages, peaking in stage G5. Multivariate analysis identified testosterone (OR = 3.13, 95% CI [1.25–8.87]) as an independent risk predictor for poor DN prognosis. The predictive model combining Cyc, testosterone, Age, SBP, DBP, UACR, and demonstrated excellent prediction for the adverse outcomes in DN. (AUC = 0.923, 95% CI: 0.891–1).

Conclusion

Testosterone plays critical roles in DN progression and prognosis. The developed nomogram offers a practical tool for risk stratification and management of male DN patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings and elucidate the mechanistic pathways linking testosterone to DN progression.

Clinical trial number

No applicable.