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Background <p>Anti-synthetase syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease (ASyS-ILD) frequently recurs, and its recurrence is associated with poor long-term outcomes. Although anti-Ro52 antibodies have been linked to rapidly progressing ILD, their role in ASyS-ILD recurrence remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between anti-Ro52 antibody positivity and ASyS-ILD recurrence.</p> Methods <p>This single-center retrospective study included 96 patients with ASyS-ILD who received induction therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants between January 2010 and August 2023. Patients were classified by anti-Ro52 antibody status. The primary analysis was performed using a Fine and Gray competing risks model to assess recurrence or ILD-related death, with non-ILD-related death as a competing event. We performed a multivariable competing risks regression analysis using the Fine–Gray sub-distribution hazards model to evaluate the effect of variables on the cumulative incidence of the main outcome.</p> Results <p>Forty-four patients were anti-Ro52 positive, and 52 were negative. There were no significant differences in initial treatment regimens. The anti-Ro52 group had a significantly higher incidence of recurrence or ILD-related death in the Fine and Gray model (HR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21–3.69, <i>P</i> = 0.008). Multivariable competing risks regression analysis also identified anti-Ro52 positivity as a risk factor for recurrence (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.00–3.11, <i>P</i> = 0.049).</p> Conclusions <p>Anti-Ro52 antibody positivity is associated with increased risk of recurrence in ASyS-ILD. These findings suggest that anti-Ro52 status may serve as a useful biomarker to identify patients who require close monitoring and long-term management.</p>

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Anti-Ro-52 antibody is a risk factor for recurrence in interstitial lung disease with positive anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetase antibody: a single-center, retrospective observational study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Hiroshi Takahashi,
  • Machiko Arita,
  • Ryoju Sato,
  • Akihiko Amano,
  • Masamitsu Hamakawa,
  • Tadashi Ishida,
  • Hiromasa Tachibana

摘要

Background

Anti-synthetase syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease (ASyS-ILD) frequently recurs, and its recurrence is associated with poor long-term outcomes. Although anti-Ro52 antibodies have been linked to rapidly progressing ILD, their role in ASyS-ILD recurrence remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between anti-Ro52 antibody positivity and ASyS-ILD recurrence.

Methods

This single-center retrospective study included 96 patients with ASyS-ILD who received induction therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressants between January 2010 and August 2023. Patients were classified by anti-Ro52 antibody status. The primary analysis was performed using a Fine and Gray competing risks model to assess recurrence or ILD-related death, with non-ILD-related death as a competing event. We performed a multivariable competing risks regression analysis using the Fine–Gray sub-distribution hazards model to evaluate the effect of variables on the cumulative incidence of the main outcome.

Results

Forty-four patients were anti-Ro52 positive, and 52 were negative. There were no significant differences in initial treatment regimens. The anti-Ro52 group had a significantly higher incidence of recurrence or ILD-related death in the Fine and Gray model (HR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.21–3.69, P = 0.008). Multivariable competing risks regression analysis also identified anti-Ro52 positivity as a risk factor for recurrence (HR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.00–3.11, P = 0.049).

Conclusions

Anti-Ro52 antibody positivity is associated with increased risk of recurrence in ASyS-ILD. These findings suggest that anti-Ro52 status may serve as a useful biomarker to identify patients who require close monitoring and long-term management.