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Background <p>Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, leading to varying degrees of respiratory difficulties. Effective disease management depends on consistent medication adherence, which remains a significant challenge in Saudi Arabia.</p> Objective <p>This study aims to assess the level of adherence to asthma medications among patients in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, and identify factors contributing to non-adherence.</p> Methods <p>A cross-sectional study was conducted between may and July 2024, targeting asthma patients aged 18&#xa0;years and older in Al-Ahsa. Participants were selected using a stratified random sampling technique from various geographic stria. Data were collected through structured phone interviews utilizing a validated questionnaire designed to assess adherence to medication refills. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with medication non-adherence.</p> Results <p>Only 39.3% of participants were adherent to their prescribed asthma medications, while 60.7% were non-adherent. Common reasons for non-adherence included stopping medications when feeling better (36.9%) and stopping medication due to side effects (20.4%). Female gender (<i>p =</i> 0.021), higher income (<i>p =</i> 0.034), being married (<i>p =</i> 0.049), urban residence (<i>p =</i> 0.001), and receiving medication support (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.001) were significantly associated with higher adherence. Multivariable regression showed that younger age (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95–0.98), male gender (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.16–2.69), lower income (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75–0.97), and lack of medication support (OR = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.04–0.10) were independently associated with non-adherence.</p> Conclusion <p>Medication non-adherence is prevalent among asthma patients in Al-Ahsa and is influenced by demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare-related factors. Interventions targeting support systems, education, and access may enhance adherence and improve asthma outcomes in this population.</p>

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Factors affecting medication and refill adherence among patients with asthma in Saudi Arabia: a stratified random cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月19日

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  • Njoud M. Alenezi,
  • Jawad S. Alnajjar,
  • Areej H. Alnajem,
  • Rahmah A. Almuaybid,
  • Zaina Abuhomoud,
  • Mohammed H. Al Ibrahim,
  • Karemah Alsayed,
  • Ali Alnajim,
  • Mohammed A. Alwosaibei,
  • Mousa Z. Alabdullah,
  • Fatimah Alrubaia,
  • Qasem AlJabr

摘要

Background

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation, leading to varying degrees of respiratory difficulties. Effective disease management depends on consistent medication adherence, which remains a significant challenge in Saudi Arabia.

Objective

This study aims to assess the level of adherence to asthma medications among patients in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, and identify factors contributing to non-adherence.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted between may and July 2024, targeting asthma patients aged 18 years and older in Al-Ahsa. Participants were selected using a stratified random sampling technique from various geographic stria. Data were collected through structured phone interviews utilizing a validated questionnaire designed to assess adherence to medication refills. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with medication non-adherence.

Results

Only 39.3% of participants were adherent to their prescribed asthma medications, while 60.7% were non-adherent. Common reasons for non-adherence included stopping medications when feeling better (36.9%) and stopping medication due to side effects (20.4%). Female gender (p = 0.021), higher income (p = 0.034), being married (p = 0.049), urban residence (p = 0.001), and receiving medication support (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher adherence. Multivariable regression showed that younger age (OR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95–0.98), male gender (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.16–2.69), lower income (OR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.75–0.97), and lack of medication support (OR = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.04–0.10) were independently associated with non-adherence.

Conclusion

Medication non-adherence is prevalent among asthma patients in Al-Ahsa and is influenced by demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare-related factors. Interventions targeting support systems, education, and access may enhance adherence and improve asthma outcomes in this population.