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<p>Pleural aspergillosis is a severe pathological condition triggered by <i>Aspergillus</i> species and commonly affects immunocompromised individuals. This case report describes a 63-year-old man with normal immune function who was admitted to the hospital due to a 20-day history of right-sided chest pain and cough. He was diagnosed with an infection-related pleural effusion of unknown origin. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> in the pleural effusion intrapleurally, and pathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation. The patient received three months of antifungal treatment with voriconazole tablets. A six-month follow-up examination showed complete resolution of both pleural and pulmonary abnormalities. This case highlights the utility of mNGS as a diagnostic tool for detecting clinical fungal pathogens with atypical features, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies for such conditions.</p>

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Diagnosis of pleural aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus infection via metagenomic next-generation sequencing from a patient with unexplained pleural effusion: a case report

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Juan Huang,
  • Tingyan Dong,
  • Cheng Yang

摘要

Pleural aspergillosis is a severe pathological condition triggered by Aspergillus species and commonly affects immunocompromised individuals. This case report describes a 63-year-old man with normal immune function who was admitted to the hospital due to a 20-day history of right-sided chest pain and cough. He was diagnosed with an infection-related pleural effusion of unknown origin. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified Aspergillus fumigatus in the pleural effusion intrapleurally, and pathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation. The patient received three months of antifungal treatment with voriconazole tablets. A six-month follow-up examination showed complete resolution of both pleural and pulmonary abnormalities. This case highlights the utility of mNGS as a diagnostic tool for detecting clinical fungal pathogens with atypical features, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic strategies for such conditions.