Scholarlink

Background <p>Patients with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) are characterized by susceptibility to disseminated infection by multiple pathogens. The clinical characteristics of <i>non-tuberculous mycobacterial</i> (NTM) infection with AIGAs positivity remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>A prospective cohort study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024. A total of 93 patients diagnosed with NTM infection were divided into two groups: AIGAs-positive with NTM infection and AIGAs-negative with NTM infection. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging examination, and pathogens were analyzed to characterize the disease.</p> Results <p>A total of 44 AIGAs-positive and 49 AIGAs-negative patients with NTM infection were enrolled.&#xa0;Disseminated infections were significantly more common among AIGAs-positive patients (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), with frequent co-infections involving <i>Talaromyces marneffei</i> (TM) and viruses. Additionally, AIGAs-positive patients exhibited elevated inflammatory markers and immunoglobulins. In the AIGAs-positive group, lymph nodes, bones, skin, and blood were the most frequently affected sites. Chest CT scans exhibited a range of findings. Over a mean follow-up period of 36&#xa0;months, 56.82% of patients with AIGAs positivity experienced exacerbations despite undergoing regular anti-NTM therapy.</p> Conclusions <p>AIGAs-positive patients with NTM infection exhibit elevated inflammatory markers, abnormal immune indicators, and coagulation function. Disseminated infections involving multiple organs are common, with frequent co-infection with TM and viruses. These patients may have unique symptoms, signs, and imaging findings compared to AIGAs-negative patients. Recurrence is common among these patients, highlighting the need for timely identification and intervention.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Clinical characteristics of acquired anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in patients infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria: a prospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月27日

查看全文
  • Hanlin Liang,
  • Siqiao Liang,
  • Yan Ning,
  • Xuemei Huang,
  • Ruiling Ning,
  • Ni Chen,
  • Limei Hong,
  • Xiaona Liang,
  • Siyao Wu,
  • Ping Yan,
  • Hongyu Wei,
  • Zengtao Luo,
  • Qiangxiu Zeng,
  • Dongming Qu,
  • Zhiyi He

摘要

Background

Patients with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AIGAs) are characterized by susceptibility to disseminated infection by multiple pathogens. The clinical characteristics of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection with AIGAs positivity remain unclear.

Methods

A prospective cohort study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024. A total of 93 patients diagnosed with NTM infection were divided into two groups: AIGAs-positive with NTM infection and AIGAs-negative with NTM infection. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging examination, and pathogens were analyzed to characterize the disease.

Results

A total of 44 AIGAs-positive and 49 AIGAs-negative patients with NTM infection were enrolled. Disseminated infections were significantly more common among AIGAs-positive patients (P < 0.001), with frequent co-infections involving Talaromyces marneffei (TM) and viruses. Additionally, AIGAs-positive patients exhibited elevated inflammatory markers and immunoglobulins. In the AIGAs-positive group, lymph nodes, bones, skin, and blood were the most frequently affected sites. Chest CT scans exhibited a range of findings. Over a mean follow-up period of 36 months, 56.82% of patients with AIGAs positivity experienced exacerbations despite undergoing regular anti-NTM therapy.

Conclusions

AIGAs-positive patients with NTM infection exhibit elevated inflammatory markers, abnormal immune indicators, and coagulation function. Disseminated infections involving multiple organs are common, with frequent co-infection with TM and viruses. These patients may have unique symptoms, signs, and imaging findings compared to AIGAs-negative patients. Recurrence is common among these patients, highlighting the need for timely identification and intervention.