Towards a better understanding of brief lifestyle interventions in noncommunicable diseases: a concept analysis
摘要
Brief lifestyle interventions targeting diet and physical activity play a critical role in the prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, healthcare providers often report feeling inadequately prepared to deliver such interventions, as there is limited guidance available to inform their practice.
ObjectiveTo define and describe the concept of “brief lifestyle intervention” within the context of NCDs.
DesignA concept analysis.
MethodsA systematic literature review, including PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus, was conducted from inception to 11 August 2023 to yield studies related to brief lifestyle interventions, encompassing brief dietary and physical activity interventions. The Walker and Avant’s method was used to analyse the extracted data to determine the defining attributes, antecedents and consequences of the term “brief lifestyle intervention”.
ResultsThe 49 eligible studies were finally included, and the findings were categorized into defining attributes, antecedents and consequences. The defining attributes of brief lifestyle interventions were identified as healthy lifestyle, provider-led, patient-centered, counseling, assessment, feedback and time-limited. The antecedents were the necessity and importance of lifestyle interventions, the important role of healthcare providers in patients’ lifestyle changes, and the urgent need for a brief, cost-effective and easier-to-implement intervention, respectively. The consequences were categorized into consequences related to patients, consequences related to healthcare providers and healthcare system.
ConclusionThis study developed a universal definition and conceptual model of the term “brief lifestyle intervention” in the context of NCDs, including the theoretical relationships between its antecedents, defining attributes and consequences. The findings highlight the leading role of healthcare providers in delivering brief lifestyle interventions and offer guidance for their effective implementation.