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Background <p>Previous studies indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 vaccines may contribute to idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). This nationwide study sought to evaluate the correlation between COVID-19 infection and vaccination with ISSNHL.</p> Methods <p>This case–control study analysed samples from adults aged 18&#xa0;years and older who visited the otorhinolaryngology department in 32 government hospitals in Malaysia for pure tone audiometry(PTA) between January&#xa0;25, 2020 and June&#xa0;30,&#xa0;2022. Cases comprised patients diagnosed with ISSNHL, while controls consisted of individuals with normal PTA assessments presenting for other otorhinolaryngology-related symptoms during the same period. Patients with known causes of hearing loss were excluded. Cases and controls were matched in a 1:5 ratio based on age (± 5&#xa0;years) and index date (± 10&#xa0;days). The study investigated the association between ISSNHL and both COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 infection using conditional logistic regression, with statistical significance set at <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05 for two-sided tests.</p> Results <p>A total of 187 ISSNHL cases and 935 matched controls were included. The mean (SD) age of participants was 42.4 (12.3) years, and 704 (62.7%) were female. Cases had a higher proportion of COVID-19 infections compared to controls [16 (8.6%) vs 44 (4.7%), <i>P</i> = 0.034], while both groups had similar proportions of COVID-19 vaccination [90 (48.1%) vs 415 (44.5%), <i>P</i> = 0.377]. Individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 had a significantly higher likelihood of developing ISSNHL compared to those without COVID-19 infection at the time of diagnosis (aOR:2.49; 95% CI:1.176 – 5.260; <i>P</i> = 0.017). However, there was no statistically significant association between COVID-19 vaccination and ISSNHL.</p> Conclusions <p>This study provides significant insights into the intricate correlation between ISSNHL, COVID-19 infection, and vaccination. The recognized hazard linked to infection emphasizes the significance of monitoring auditory health in COVID-19 patients.</p>

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Association of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 vaccination with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss in Malaysia: a case-control study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月7日

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  • Nur Sabrina Abdul Rahim,
  • Xin-Jie Lim,
  • E-Li Leong,
  • Su-Yin Lim,
  • Nur Azyani Amri,
  • Chee Chean Lim,
  • Philip Rajan Devesahayam,
  • Mazly Helmy Sulaiman,
  • Aqma Nadira Mohd Yusof,
  • Nor Hidayah Mohammed Hatta,
  • Kamarul Akmal Ishak,
  • Siti Suraya Mohamad Noor,
  • Norsyakirah Mohamed Noordin,
  • Wan Suhaila Wan Husain,
  • Noor Izyani Othman,
  • Masitah Jaafar,
  • Mohd Zulkarnain Azali,
  • Noor Syazwani Warrmal,
  • Siti Nadrah Zahir,
  • Roshila Bujang,
  • Nur Izzati Md Nawawi,
  • ‘Ainul Naquiah Mad Nordin,
  • Afifah Mat Asin,
  • Nurhidayah Mat Noor,
  • Marlia Mardiana Mokhtar,
  • Farah Hazwani Mohammed Danial,
  • Merlinda Bernand,
  • Nurlaili Kamarulzaman,
  • Nur Aishah Nadjwa Noor Azhar,
  • Juliana Samsudin,
  • I Dee Tan,
  • Mohamad Azmeer Sadali,
  • Muhammad Nabil Mohd Drauff,
  • Farah Nur Asyiqin Mohamad Sabri,
  • Nik Syarina Mohd Ramli,
  • Maznah Ma’amor,
  • Rohaizatul Mat Yaacob,
  • Zulaikha Eliya Mat Razali,
  • Siti Hasnida Mohd Zainuddin,
  • Mohd Shaiful Nizam,
  • Mamat Nasir,
  • Sandie Ewe Lian See,
  • Kit Chow Tuck,
  • Ahmad Hafiz Ali,
  • Muhammad Nasri Abu Bakar,
  • Haw Lim Eng,
  • Siti Nurfarhana Mohd Arif,
  • Yi Yeoh Xing,
  • Sitti Farhana Johari,
  • Syafiq Tumaran,
  • Sharir Asrul Asnawi,
  • Andrew Charles Gomez Junior,
  • Zubaidah Hamid,
  • Mohd Firdaus Shamsuddin,
  • Nurul Farahiyah Abdullah,
  • Sui Teng Tan,
  • Wan Nabila Wan Mansor,
  • Sakina Mohd Saad,
  • Izny Hafiz Zainon,
  • Nur Syazwani Mohd Salehuddin,
  • Nik Khairani Nik Mohd,
  • Adam Mohamad,
  • Siti Halimahtun Sahab,
  • Lee Chin Lee,
  • Hafeza Ahmad,
  • Winton Chong,
  • Nor Idayu Mohd Yusof,
  • R. Komathi S Ramachandran

摘要

Background

Previous studies indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 vaccines may contribute to idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). This nationwide study sought to evaluate the correlation between COVID-19 infection and vaccination with ISSNHL.

Methods

This case–control study analysed samples from adults aged 18 years and older who visited the otorhinolaryngology department in 32 government hospitals in Malaysia for pure tone audiometry(PTA) between January 25, 2020 and June 30, 2022. Cases comprised patients diagnosed with ISSNHL, while controls consisted of individuals with normal PTA assessments presenting for other otorhinolaryngology-related symptoms during the same period. Patients with known causes of hearing loss were excluded. Cases and controls were matched in a 1:5 ratio based on age (± 5 years) and index date (± 10 days). The study investigated the association between ISSNHL and both COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 infection using conditional logistic regression, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05 for two-sided tests.

Results

A total of 187 ISSNHL cases and 935 matched controls were included. The mean (SD) age of participants was 42.4 (12.3) years, and 704 (62.7%) were female. Cases had a higher proportion of COVID-19 infections compared to controls [16 (8.6%) vs 44 (4.7%), P = 0.034], while both groups had similar proportions of COVID-19 vaccination [90 (48.1%) vs 415 (44.5%), P = 0.377]. Individuals who tested positive for COVID-19 had a significantly higher likelihood of developing ISSNHL compared to those without COVID-19 infection at the time of diagnosis (aOR:2.49; 95% CI:1.176 – 5.260; P = 0.017). However, there was no statistically significant association between COVID-19 vaccination and ISSNHL.

Conclusions

This study provides significant insights into the intricate correlation between ISSNHL, COVID-19 infection, and vaccination. The recognized hazard linked to infection emphasizes the significance of monitoring auditory health in COVID-19 patients.