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Background <p>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition affecting both adolescents and adults, yet age-specific differences in treatment response remain underexplored. Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) is an emerging neuromodulation technique for treatment-resistant depression. This study aimed to compare the efficacy, tolerability, and cognitive effects of MST between adolescents and adults with MDD.</p> Methods <p>This single-center prospective study enrolled 128 patients with MDD, including 67 adolescents and 61 adults. All participants received MST and were assessed at baseline, 72&#xa0;h, and 3 months post-treatment. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using HAMD-17, HAMA, BPRS, MoCA, C-SSRS, and CGI. Group differences in treatment response, cognitive outcomes, and tolerability were analyzed over time.</p> Results <p>At 72&#xa0;h post-treatment, adolescents had significantly lower HAMD-17 and HAMA scores (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) than adults, indicating faster initial improvement. By 3 months, adults reached similar symptom levels. C-SSRS decreased more in adults (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Analysis of MoCA subscales at 72&#xa0;h revealed greater declines in delayed recall and executive function in adults, with no significant changes in adolescents (<i>p</i> = 0.038 and 0.039, respectively), whereas no differences were observed at 3 months. Common adverse events in adults included headache, memory decline, fatigue, and vital sign abnormalities, all less frequent in adolescents (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05); myalgia occurred only in adolescents, while dizziness and nausea/vomiting showed no group differences.</p> Conclusion <p>MST is effective in both groups, but adolescents demonstrate faster response, better cognitive preservation, and fewer somatic side effects, supporting its use in younger patients.</p> Registry name <p>Magnetic Seizure Therapy and modified electroconvulsive therapy for the efficacy and impact on cognitive function in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression.</p> Registration number <p>Not applicable.</p>

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Magnetic seizure therapy for major depressive disorder: age-related differences in efficacy and cognitive side effects

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Mengqi Wang,
  • Wei Wang,
  • Shuling Wan,
  • Hongwei Zhang,
  • Yi Lu,
  • Lina Jia

摘要

Background

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental health condition affecting both adolescents and adults, yet age-specific differences in treatment response remain underexplored. Magnetic Seizure Therapy (MST) is an emerging neuromodulation technique for treatment-resistant depression. This study aimed to compare the efficacy, tolerability, and cognitive effects of MST between adolescents and adults with MDD.

Methods

This single-center prospective study enrolled 128 patients with MDD, including 67 adolescents and 61 adults. All participants received MST and were assessed at baseline, 72 h, and 3 months post-treatment. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using HAMD-17, HAMA, BPRS, MoCA, C-SSRS, and CGI. Group differences in treatment response, cognitive outcomes, and tolerability were analyzed over time.

Results

At 72 h post-treatment, adolescents had significantly lower HAMD-17 and HAMA scores (all p < 0.001) than adults, indicating faster initial improvement. By 3 months, adults reached similar symptom levels. C-SSRS decreased more in adults (p = 0.001). Analysis of MoCA subscales at 72 h revealed greater declines in delayed recall and executive function in adults, with no significant changes in adolescents (p = 0.038 and 0.039, respectively), whereas no differences were observed at 3 months. Common adverse events in adults included headache, memory decline, fatigue, and vital sign abnormalities, all less frequent in adolescents (p < 0.05); myalgia occurred only in adolescents, while dizziness and nausea/vomiting showed no group differences.

Conclusion

MST is effective in both groups, but adolescents demonstrate faster response, better cognitive preservation, and fewer somatic side effects, supporting its use in younger patients.

Registry name

Magnetic Seizure Therapy and modified electroconvulsive therapy for the efficacy and impact on cognitive function in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression.

Registration number

Not applicable.