Scholarlink

Background <p>Although reduced heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD), substantial between-study heterogeneity and conflicting outcomes exist. Moreover, few studies have investigated heart rate asymmetry (HRA) features despite the high sensitivity of nonlinear indices to heart rate fluctuations. This study aimed to investigate the variations in HRV measures, especially the nonlinear features of HRA, among adolescents with MDD during the nocturnal sleep period.</p> Methods <p>Adolescents with MDD and healthy controls completed the clinical assessment of depressive symptom severity and sleep quality followed by a three-night sleep electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Traditional time-domain and frequency-domain HRV measures, nonlinear HRA measures, and the prevalence of different HRA forms and HRA compensation were calculated.</p> Results <p>A total of 61 participants with 154 nocturnal ECG time series were available for analysis. Vagally-mediated HRV measures, such as RMSSD, PNN50, and HF, as well as C1<sub>d</sub> were statistically lower in clinically depressed adolescents compared with healthy controls, whereas C2<sub>d</sub> was significantly higher. A substantial decrease in the prevalence of short-term HRA, long-term HRA, and the corresponding compensation effect were also observed. In contrast to the medium to large effect sizes observed in traditional HRV indices, nonlinear HRA features showed extremely large effect sizes in discriminating MDD (C1<sub>d</sub>: Cohen’s <i>d</i>= − 1.38; C2<sub>d</sub>: Cohen’s <i>d</i> = 1.11), and exhibited a statistical correlation with the severity of depression (C1<sub>d</sub>: rho = − 0.269; C2<sub>d</sub>: rho = 0.243). Moreover, there were no significant differences in the distributions of nocturnal HRA measures collected over various nights.</p> Conclusion <p>Adolescents with MDD suffered a significant decrease in vagal tone compared to healthy controls, and the features focusing on the directionality of heart rate variations may provide further information on cardiac autonomic activity associated with depression.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Heart rate variability and heart rate asymmetry in adolescents with major depressive disorder during nocturnal sleep period

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

查看全文
  • Wanlin Chen,
  • Haisi Chen,
  • Wenchen Jiang,
  • Cheng Chen,
  • Moya Xu,
  • Haoxuan Ruan,
  • Hang Chen,
  • Zhenghe Yu,
  • Shulin Chen

摘要

Background

Although reduced heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD), substantial between-study heterogeneity and conflicting outcomes exist. Moreover, few studies have investigated heart rate asymmetry (HRA) features despite the high sensitivity of nonlinear indices to heart rate fluctuations. This study aimed to investigate the variations in HRV measures, especially the nonlinear features of HRA, among adolescents with MDD during the nocturnal sleep period.

Methods

Adolescents with MDD and healthy controls completed the clinical assessment of depressive symptom severity and sleep quality followed by a three-night sleep electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Traditional time-domain and frequency-domain HRV measures, nonlinear HRA measures, and the prevalence of different HRA forms and HRA compensation were calculated.

Results

A total of 61 participants with 154 nocturnal ECG time series were available for analysis. Vagally-mediated HRV measures, such as RMSSD, PNN50, and HF, as well as C1d were statistically lower in clinically depressed adolescents compared with healthy controls, whereas C2d was significantly higher. A substantial decrease in the prevalence of short-term HRA, long-term HRA, and the corresponding compensation effect were also observed. In contrast to the medium to large effect sizes observed in traditional HRV indices, nonlinear HRA features showed extremely large effect sizes in discriminating MDD (C1d: Cohen’s d= − 1.38; C2d: Cohen’s d = 1.11), and exhibited a statistical correlation with the severity of depression (C1d: rho = − 0.269; C2d: rho = 0.243). Moreover, there were no significant differences in the distributions of nocturnal HRA measures collected over various nights.

Conclusion

Adolescents with MDD suffered a significant decrease in vagal tone compared to healthy controls, and the features focusing on the directionality of heart rate variations may provide further information on cardiac autonomic activity associated with depression.