Impulsivity and inhibitory control in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia

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2024年6月27日

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Maksymilian Bielecki,
Ernest Tyburski,
Piotr Plichta,
Jerzy Samochowiec,
Jolanta Kucharska-Mazur,
Piotr Podwalski,
Katarzyna Rek-Owodziń,
Katarzyna Waszczuk,
Leszek Sagan,
Anna Michalczyk,
Krzysztof Rudkowski,
Ewa Karabanowicz,
Katarzyna Świątkowska,
Błażej Misiak,
Agata Bąba-Kubiś,
Monika Mak

摘要

Background

There is conflicting evidence on impulsivity and its potential relationship with inhibitory control in schizophrenia. This study therefore aimed to identify differences in impulsivity and cognitive and motor inhibition between patients with deficit (DS) and non-deficit (NDS) schizophrenia and healthy controls (HC). We also explored the relationships between impulsivity and different dimensions of inhibitory control in all studied groups.

Methods

The sample comprised 28 DS patients, 45 NDS patients, and 39 age-matched HC. A neuropsychological battery was used.

Results

DS patients scored lower in venturesomeness, while those with NDS scored higher in impulsiveness compared to HC. In addition, both groups of patients scored higher on measures of cognitive and motor inhibition, including those relatively independent of information processing speed (although the results were slightly different after adjusting for IQ and/or years of education). Correlations between impulsivity and cognitive inhibition emerged in DS patients, while links between impulsivity and motor inhibition were observed in HC.

Conclusions

Our results suggest the presence of deficits in experimentally assessed inhibitory control in schizophrenia patients, with predominant impulsivity in the NDS population. In addition, impulsivity may affect the cognitive control of inhibition in deficit schizophrenia. Nevertheless, due to the preliminary nature of these findings, they require further empirical verification in future research.