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Background <p>Current reports implicate miR-126-5p and its diagnostic potential in inflammatory diseases. However, its role in pediatric acute appendicitis remains unclear. The study was investigated miR-126-5p expression and its diagnostic efficacy in pediatric acute appendicitis.</p> Methods <p>Study cohort comprised 272 children with acute appendicitis and 103 controls. Inflammatory indices were quantified by blood film and ELISA. Their relationship with miR-126-5p was examined by Pearson correlation. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed through ROC curve. Risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression.</p> Results <p>Serum miR-126-5p was significantly increased in acute appendicitis group, concomitant with elevated peripheral blood inflammatory cells. Significantly positive correlations were observed between miR-126-5p and these cells. ROC curve of miR-126-5p yield an AUC of 0.845. However, miR-126-5p was downregulated 24&#xa0;h postoperatively and remained significantly correlated with reduced inflammatory cells and mediators. The total incidence of postoperative complications was higher in high miR-126-5p group than the low expression group. Multivariate logistic regression identified WBC, CRP, and miR-126-5p as independent risk factors for postoperative complications.</p> Conclusion <p>Preoperative serum miR-126-5p levels were significantly elevated in pediatric acute appendicitis while they declined sharply by 24&#xa0;h postoperatively. MiR-126-5p was positively correlated with inflammatory indices. It showed diagnostic potential in pediatric acute appendicitis. Patients with high miR-126-5p level faced more risk of postoperative complications. MiR-126-5p was a risk factor for postoperative complications.</p>

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Analysis of diagnostic efficacy of serum miR-126-5p levels for stratifying severity in pediatric acute appendicitis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Qiang Wu,
  • Lianjun Wu,
  • Li Tan

摘要

Background

Current reports implicate miR-126-5p and its diagnostic potential in inflammatory diseases. However, its role in pediatric acute appendicitis remains unclear. The study was investigated miR-126-5p expression and its diagnostic efficacy in pediatric acute appendicitis.

Methods

Study cohort comprised 272 children with acute appendicitis and 103 controls. Inflammatory indices were quantified by blood film and ELISA. Their relationship with miR-126-5p was examined by Pearson correlation. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed through ROC curve. Risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression.

Results

Serum miR-126-5p was significantly increased in acute appendicitis group, concomitant with elevated peripheral blood inflammatory cells. Significantly positive correlations were observed between miR-126-5p and these cells. ROC curve of miR-126-5p yield an AUC of 0.845. However, miR-126-5p was downregulated 24 h postoperatively and remained significantly correlated with reduced inflammatory cells and mediators. The total incidence of postoperative complications was higher in high miR-126-5p group than the low expression group. Multivariate logistic regression identified WBC, CRP, and miR-126-5p as independent risk factors for postoperative complications.

Conclusion

Preoperative serum miR-126-5p levels were significantly elevated in pediatric acute appendicitis while they declined sharply by 24 h postoperatively. MiR-126-5p was positively correlated with inflammatory indices. It showed diagnostic potential in pediatric acute appendicitis. Patients with high miR-126-5p level faced more risk of postoperative complications. MiR-126-5p was a risk factor for postoperative complications.