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Background <p>Adolescence is a developmental period marked by changes that increase susceptibility to mental health problems. Rising rates of depression among United States adolescents underscore the need to identify contributing factors. Dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity have been linked to poor mental health outcomes, with structural and systemic inequities shaping access to healthy behaviors. Therefore, we examined the association between self-reported depressive symptoms with dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk among New York City (NYC) public high school students, and variations within and across racial and ethnic groups.</p> Methods <p>Data from the 2023 NYC Youth Risk Behavior Survey was utilized. Bivariate analyses assessed differences in self-reported depressive symptoms, dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk across racial and ethnic groups and examined how these factors were associated with self-reported depressive symptoms. Logistic regression models controlling for sex, sexual identity, gender identity, age group, and borough of residence assessed these associations in the overall sample and within racial and ethnic groups.</p> Results <p>Higher prevalences of not eating fruit or vegetables, sugary drink consumption, not eating breakfast, not participating in physical activity, and being at risk for food insecurity were seen among Black and Latino/a students. However, associations between self-reported depressive symptoms with dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk varied within racial and ethnic groups. Despite Black students having the highest prevalence for food insecurity risk and sugary drink consumption, neither was associated with self-reported depressive symptoms. Food insecurity risk was associated with increased odds of self-reported depressive symptoms among White (AOR 2.42; 95% CI 1.21–4.85), Latino/a (AOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.50–2.90), Asian (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.04–3.23) and students of another race (AOR 3.04; 95% CI 1.11–8.34). The absence of associations among Black students warrants further research into potential underlying factors.</p> Conclusion <p>Dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk are differentially associated with self-reported depressive symptoms within racial and ethnic groups. High prevalences of insufficient sleep and food insecurity risk highlight those as key targets for intervention. Addressing these factors, alongside upstream social determinants is necessary for promoting mental health equity among NYC public high school students.</p>

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Dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, food insecurity risk and depressive symptoms among New York City adolescents: a cross-sectional study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月23日

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  • Jaynisha Jackson,
  • Teresa Conigliaro,
  • Jordan Fenlon,
  • Elizabeth Solomon,
  • Erin A. Dowling,
  • Nicole Dreisbach,
  • Meghan Hamwey

摘要

Background

Adolescence is a developmental period marked by changes that increase susceptibility to mental health problems. Rising rates of depression among United States adolescents underscore the need to identify contributing factors. Dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity have been linked to poor mental health outcomes, with structural and systemic inequities shaping access to healthy behaviors. Therefore, we examined the association between self-reported depressive symptoms with dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk among New York City (NYC) public high school students, and variations within and across racial and ethnic groups.

Methods

Data from the 2023 NYC Youth Risk Behavior Survey was utilized. Bivariate analyses assessed differences in self-reported depressive symptoms, dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk across racial and ethnic groups and examined how these factors were associated with self-reported depressive symptoms. Logistic regression models controlling for sex, sexual identity, gender identity, age group, and borough of residence assessed these associations in the overall sample and within racial and ethnic groups.

Results

Higher prevalences of not eating fruit or vegetables, sugary drink consumption, not eating breakfast, not participating in physical activity, and being at risk for food insecurity were seen among Black and Latino/a students. However, associations between self-reported depressive symptoms with dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk varied within racial and ethnic groups. Despite Black students having the highest prevalence for food insecurity risk and sugary drink consumption, neither was associated with self-reported depressive symptoms. Food insecurity risk was associated with increased odds of self-reported depressive symptoms among White (AOR 2.42; 95% CI 1.21–4.85), Latino/a (AOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.50–2.90), Asian (AOR 1.83; 95% CI 1.04–3.23) and students of another race (AOR 3.04; 95% CI 1.11–8.34). The absence of associations among Black students warrants further research into potential underlying factors.

Conclusion

Dietary behaviors, lifestyle habits, and food insecurity risk are differentially associated with self-reported depressive symptoms within racial and ethnic groups. High prevalences of insufficient sleep and food insecurity risk highlight those as key targets for intervention. Addressing these factors, alongside upstream social determinants is necessary for promoting mental health equity among NYC public high school students.