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Background <p>Gut microbiota modulation has been proposed as a potential intervention for managing obesity. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese pediatrics.</p> Methods <p>A comprehensive search was conducted in databases up to January 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating prebiotics/probiotics/synbiotics in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity were included. The outcomes were body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), BMI-z score, fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Data were pooled using a random-effects model.</p> Results <p>Prebiotic supplementation was associated with significant reductions in weight (SMD = − 0.81; 95% CI: − 1.44 to − 0.19) and BMI (SMD = − 0.76; 95% CI: − 1.38 to − 0.14), whereas BMI z-scores remained unchanged (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Probiotics and synbiotics did not significantly affect weight, BMI, or BMI z-scores (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Glycemic and lipid profile parameters were not significantly altered by any biotic supplementation (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Subgroup analyses by intervention type, duration, sample size, or baseline BMI did not reveal consistent effects (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Biotic supplementation has not been shown to consistently improve metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight and obese children, except for a modest beneficial effect of prebiotics on weight and BMI (with very-low certainly of evidence); however, alternative probiotic organisms or formulations not tested to date may have different effects.</p>

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The role of microbiome-modulating supplements in managing metabolic syndrome risk factors among overweight and obese youth: a GRADE-assessed meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月24日

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  • Jiamin Xie,
  • Sho Liu,
  • Xiao Wong

摘要

Background

Gut microbiota modulation has been proposed as a potential intervention for managing obesity. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of prebiotic/probiotic/synbiotic supplementation on metabolic syndrome risk factors in obese pediatrics.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted in databases up to January 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating prebiotics/probiotics/synbiotics in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity were included. The outcomes were body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), BMI-z score, fasting blood sugar (FBS), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Data were pooled using a random-effects model.

Results

Prebiotic supplementation was associated with significant reductions in weight (SMD = − 0.81; 95% CI: − 1.44 to − 0.19) and BMI (SMD = − 0.76; 95% CI: − 1.38 to − 0.14), whereas BMI z-scores remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Probiotics and synbiotics did not significantly affect weight, BMI, or BMI z-scores (p > 0.05). Glycemic and lipid profile parameters were not significantly altered by any biotic supplementation (p > 0.05). Subgroup analyses by intervention type, duration, sample size, or baseline BMI did not reveal consistent effects (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Biotic supplementation has not been shown to consistently improve metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight and obese children, except for a modest beneficial effect of prebiotics on weight and BMI (with very-low certainly of evidence); however, alternative probiotic organisms or formulations not tested to date may have different effects.