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Background <p>COVID-19 is known to induce systemic endothelial inflammation and microvascular dysfunction, with reported implications for various tissues, including ocular structures. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) offers a non-invasive and high-resolution method to visualize and quantify retinal microcirculatory networks. While prior research has investigated ocular microvascular changes in COVID-19 patients, studies comparing these alterations in the same individuals before and after infection are limited.</p> Methods <p>Among individuals who had baseline OCTA at their previous admission to our clinic, 20 patients who later contracted and recovered from COVID-19 were included in the study. OCTA images were obtained using the AngioVue optical coherence tomography angiography system, with split-spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography images. After resolution of COVID-19, OCTA was performed again in these patients, and the results were compared with the previous foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and vessel densities (VD) findings.</p> Results <p>After disease resolution, the optic nerve head vessel density (ONH-VD) was found to be statistically significantly decreased in all areas except the superonasal area, while the radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (RPC-VD) was found to be statistically significantly decreased in all areas, except inside the disc and superonasal and temporal areas. The superficial capillary plexus vessel density (SCP-VD) was found to be significantly decreased in the superior hemi, superior and nasal areas, and the deep capillary plexus vessel density (DCP-VD) significantly decreased in the whole image, parafovea, and inferior hemi and inferior and nasal areas.</p> Conclusions <p>After resolution of COVID-19, the ONH-VD and RPC-VD decreased generally, and in the macular region, the SCP-VD and DCP-VD decreased in certain areas. These results may be important in understanding the effects of COVID-19 on systemic vascular circulation.</p>

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Comparison of optic nerve head and macular perfusion changes before and after the development of COVID-19

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月28日

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  • Seyfettin Erdem,
  • Sedat Ava,
  • Mehmet Emin Dursun,
  • Mine Karahan,
  • Leyla Hazar,
  • Ugur Keklikci

摘要

Background

COVID-19 is known to induce systemic endothelial inflammation and microvascular dysfunction, with reported implications for various tissues, including ocular structures. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) offers a non-invasive and high-resolution method to visualize and quantify retinal microcirculatory networks. While prior research has investigated ocular microvascular changes in COVID-19 patients, studies comparing these alterations in the same individuals before and after infection are limited.

Methods

Among individuals who had baseline OCTA at their previous admission to our clinic, 20 patients who later contracted and recovered from COVID-19 were included in the study. OCTA images were obtained using the AngioVue optical coherence tomography angiography system, with split-spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography images. After resolution of COVID-19, OCTA was performed again in these patients, and the results were compared with the previous foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and vessel densities (VD) findings.

Results

After disease resolution, the optic nerve head vessel density (ONH-VD) was found to be statistically significantly decreased in all areas except the superonasal area, while the radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (RPC-VD) was found to be statistically significantly decreased in all areas, except inside the disc and superonasal and temporal areas. The superficial capillary plexus vessel density (SCP-VD) was found to be significantly decreased in the superior hemi, superior and nasal areas, and the deep capillary plexus vessel density (DCP-VD) significantly decreased in the whole image, parafovea, and inferior hemi and inferior and nasal areas.

Conclusions

After resolution of COVID-19, the ONH-VD and RPC-VD decreased generally, and in the macular region, the SCP-VD and DCP-VD decreased in certain areas. These results may be important in understanding the effects of COVID-19 on systemic vascular circulation.