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Background <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Advanced CRC has a grim prognosis, so there is a high demand for an early non-invasive diagnostic biomarker.</p> Methods <p>We present a colorectal tissue-serum proteomics approach combined with external database analysis to identify early diagnostic biomarkers specific to CRC. Subsequently, RT-qPCR, PRM, and ELISA experiments were employed to validate the biomarkers in an independent CRC case-control group. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the implications of a biomarker on CRC cell phenotyping.</p> Results <p>Nine proteins (CA1, HBD, SMPDL3A, HBB, ALAD, S100A4, RAB27B, HBA2, CAT) were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Among them, CA1 and SMPDL3A exhibited CRC specificity. The combination of CA1 and SMPDL3A demonstrated superior diagnostic efficacy in CRC (AUC = 0.917; 95% CI = 0.877–0.957). The overexpression of SMPDL3A inhibits the migration and invasion of CRC cells.</p> Conclusions <p>CA1 and SMPDL3A proteins are promising novel specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CRC. However, larger prospective trials are necessary to validate their clinical utility.</p>

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Proteome profiling reveals early diagnostic biomarker candidates for colorectal cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Yue Yu,
  • Xianchen Jiang,
  • Bing Pei,
  • Junde Zhou,
  • Zhiping Long,
  • Yukun Cao,
  • Jingyu Ye,
  • Yu Gao,
  • Kun Xie,
  • Heli Yuan,
  • Yanjie Jia,
  • Min Zhang,
  • Xiao Liu,
  • Yashuang Zhao,
  • Hua Ning,
  • Fan Wang

摘要

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Advanced CRC has a grim prognosis, so there is a high demand for an early non-invasive diagnostic biomarker.

Methods

We present a colorectal tissue-serum proteomics approach combined with external database analysis to identify early diagnostic biomarkers specific to CRC. Subsequently, RT-qPCR, PRM, and ELISA experiments were employed to validate the biomarkers in an independent CRC case-control group. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the implications of a biomarker on CRC cell phenotyping.

Results

Nine proteins (CA1, HBD, SMPDL3A, HBB, ALAD, S100A4, RAB27B, HBA2, CAT) were identified as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Among them, CA1 and SMPDL3A exhibited CRC specificity. The combination of CA1 and SMPDL3A demonstrated superior diagnostic efficacy in CRC (AUC = 0.917; 95% CI = 0.877–0.957). The overexpression of SMPDL3A inhibits the migration and invasion of CRC cells.

Conclusions

CA1 and SMPDL3A proteins are promising novel specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis of CRC. However, larger prospective trials are necessary to validate their clinical utility.