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Background <p>In recent years, the incidence of early-onset cancers among individuals under 50 years of age has been on the rise. We aimed to analyze the disease burden and temporal trends of early-onset cancers in China, providing a basis for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies.</p> Methods <p>We utilized data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to describe the changes in early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The age-standardized average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated using the Joinpoint regression program.</p> Results <p> <?tk 1?>From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate of all early-onset cancers in China increased by 150.72 per 100,000, while the mortality and DALY rates decreased by 4.30 per 100,000 and 279.34 per 100,000, respectively. In 2021, early-onset breast cancer had the highest incidence rate (17.14 per 100,000), and trachea/bronchus/lung cancer had the highest mortality rate (6.15 per 100,000) and DALY rate (292.48 per 100,000). The standardized DALY rate of all early-onset cancers decreased (AAPC = -1.49%, 95% CI: -1.51% to -1.46%), while multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous cell tumors, malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage, kidney cancer, and mesothelioma showed significant increases with AAPC of 4.14% (4.01–4.28%), 3.83% (3.77–3.88%), 1.20% (1.16–1.25%), 0.65% (0.58–0.73%), and 0.33% (0.29–0.37%), respectively. Tobacco consumption (23.01%) was the primary contributor to the disease burden of early-onset cancers in males, whereas unsafe sexual behavior (10.53%) was the primary contributor in females.</p> Conclusion <p>The mortality and DALY rate of early-onset cancers in China decreased, while the incidence rate increased. Trachea/bronchus/lung cancer is one of the most severe early-onset cancers, and effective measures need to be taken against the main risk factors.</p>

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Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月12日

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  • Jicun Zhu,
  • Tiandong Li,
  • Jiajun Chen,
  • Wenhua Xue,
  • Shuhong Liang,
  • Chen Xie,
  • Xiting Han,
  • Weiwei Hao,
  • Yixin He,
  • Gaoxing Qiao,
  • Xiaoran Duan,
  • Lifeng Li,
  • Jie Zhao

摘要

Background

In recent years, the incidence of early-onset cancers among individuals under 50 years of age has been on the rise. We aimed to analyze the disease burden and temporal trends of early-onset cancers in China, providing a basis for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies.

Methods

We utilized data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to describe the changes in early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The age-standardized average annual percentage change (AAPC) was estimated using the Joinpoint regression program.

Results

From 1990 to 2021, the incidence rate of all early-onset cancers in China increased by 150.72 per 100,000, while the mortality and DALY rates decreased by 4.30 per 100,000 and 279.34 per 100,000, respectively. In 2021, early-onset breast cancer had the highest incidence rate (17.14 per 100,000), and trachea/bronchus/lung cancer had the highest mortality rate (6.15 per 100,000) and DALY rate (292.48 per 100,000). The standardized DALY rate of all early-onset cancers decreased (AAPC = -1.49%, 95% CI: -1.51% to -1.46%), while multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma and other peripheral nervous cell tumors, malignant neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage, kidney cancer, and mesothelioma showed significant increases with AAPC of 4.14% (4.01–4.28%), 3.83% (3.77–3.88%), 1.20% (1.16–1.25%), 0.65% (0.58–0.73%), and 0.33% (0.29–0.37%), respectively. Tobacco consumption (23.01%) was the primary contributor to the disease burden of early-onset cancers in males, whereas unsafe sexual behavior (10.53%) was the primary contributor in females.

Conclusion

The mortality and DALY rate of early-onset cancers in China decreased, while the incidence rate increased. Trachea/bronchus/lung cancer is one of the most severe early-onset cancers, and effective measures need to be taken against the main risk factors.