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Background <p>Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is the second most common primary liver malignancy, characterized by high aggressiveness and heterogeneity. It is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Although Peptidyl Proline Isomerase H (<i>PPIH</i>) has been implicated in various tumors, its role in CHOL remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value and potential function of <i>PPIH</i> in CHOL.</p> Methods <p>We analyzed the expression levels, prognostic significance, and diagnostic efficiency of PPIH in CHOL using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, coupled with gene enrichment analyses. The CIBERSORT database was employed to assess the correlation between <i>PPIH</i> expression and immune cell infiltration in CHOL. Additionally, immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to validate <i>PPIH</i> expression levels in CHOL tissues and to explore its correlation with TP53 gene mutations.</p> Results <p>Our findings indicate that overexpression of <i>PPIH</i> mRNA in CHOL is associated with poor prognosis, with increased PPIH protein levels observed in CHOL tissues. Furthermore, <i>PPIH</i> expression showed a positive correlation with TP53 mutations. <i>PPIH</i> demonstrated strong diagnostic value for CHOL. Moreover, <i>PPIH</i> may influence tumor progression through its involvement in cell cycle regulation and spliceosome pathways, and is associated with immune cell infiltration levels.</p> Conclusion <p>The results of this study suggest that <i>PPIH</i> is a potential novel biomarker with significant diagnostic value for patients with CHOL. <i>PPIH</i> may also play a role in modulating the immune microenvironment, contributing to poor prognosis.</p>

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PPIH is a novel diagnostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration in cholangiocarcinoma

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月7日

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  • Jun Ye,
  • Zhitao Chen,
  • Chuan Zhang,
  • Rui Xie,
  • Haini Chen,
  • Peng Ren

摘要

Background

Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is the second most common primary liver malignancy, characterized by high aggressiveness and heterogeneity. It is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to a poor prognosis. Although Peptidyl Proline Isomerase H (PPIH) has been implicated in various tumors, its role in CHOL remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic value and potential function of PPIH in CHOL.

Methods

We analyzed the expression levels, prognostic significance, and diagnostic efficiency of PPIH in CHOL using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, coupled with gene enrichment analyses. The CIBERSORT database was employed to assess the correlation between PPIH expression and immune cell infiltration in CHOL. Additionally, immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to validate PPIH expression levels in CHOL tissues and to explore its correlation with TP53 gene mutations.

Results

Our findings indicate that overexpression of PPIH mRNA in CHOL is associated with poor prognosis, with increased PPIH protein levels observed in CHOL tissues. Furthermore, PPIH expression showed a positive correlation with TP53 mutations. PPIH demonstrated strong diagnostic value for CHOL. Moreover, PPIH may influence tumor progression through its involvement in cell cycle regulation and spliceosome pathways, and is associated with immune cell infiltration levels.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that PPIH is a potential novel biomarker with significant diagnostic value for patients with CHOL. PPIH may also play a role in modulating the immune microenvironment, contributing to poor prognosis.