Background <p>Personality traits have been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults through the development of atherogenic dyslipidemia. However, the potential influence of maternal personality traits on fetal atherogenic indices remains unexplored. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal personality traits and atherogenic indices in cord blood.</p> Methods <p>In this cross-sectional study, 384 mother-newborn pairs were enrolled. Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured in cord plasma. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C were calculated using TG, TC and HDL-C levels. Fetal atherogenic indices including TG/HDL-C, TG/LDL-C, TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios, were computed. Maternal personality traits were assessed using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) questionnaire. The association between maternal personality traits and fetal atherogenic indices was examined using linear regression models.</p> Results <p>Nostatistically significant associations were observed between maternal personality traits and fetal levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and non-HDL-C. Additionally, no significant associations were found between maternal personality traits and any of the fetal atherogenic indices (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Theresults indicate that maternal personality traits are not associated with atherogenic indices in fetal cord blood.</p>