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Background <p>Varicella remains common in countries without widespread vaccination and may lead to serious complications, particularly in adults and immunocompromised individuals. Data on hospitalized patients in Vietnam are limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and complications of varicella and explore associated factors with complications among hospitalized patients in Vietnam.</p> Methods <p>A mixed retrospective–prospective observational cohort study was conducted at a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Consecutive patients with suspected or confirmed varicella requiring hospitalization were enrolled. Clinical data were collected from medical records and patient interviews. Complications were defined based on clinical features supported by laboratory and imaging findings. Factors associated with complications were analyzed using Poisson regression.</p> Results <p>A total of 329 patients were included, of whom 45.6% developed at least one complication. Secondary skin infection was the most common complication (35.3%), followed by pneumonia (13.1%) and sepsis (8.2%). In the multivariable analysis, gender, immunodeficiency and prior acyclovir using were independently associated with complications. Participants with immunodeficiency had a higher risk than those without immunodeficiency, with an aRR of 2.23 (95% CI: 1.51–3.28) in males and 2.25 (95% CI: 1.45–3.49) in females (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Among participants without immunodeficiency, males had a higher risk than females, with an aRR of 1.51 (95% CI: 1.15–1.97; <i>p</i> = 0.003). Underweight/thin participants had a lower risk than those with normal BMI, with an aRR of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33–0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.026).</p> Conclusions <p>Complications of varicella were common among hospitalized patients in this tertiary care setting. Male sex and immunocompromised status were associated with an increased risk of complication. Early identification and close monitoring of high-risk patients may help reduce severe outcomes.</p>

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Complications of varicella and associated factors among hospitalized patients at a tertiary infectious disease hospital in Southern Vietnam

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Chau Buu Le,
  • Nhut Minh Vuong,
  • Thuy Thi Hoang,
  • Khai Viet Nguyen,
  • Vi Lan Lu,
  • Vien Truong Nguyen,
  • Araba O. Gyan,
  • Giao Huynh

摘要

Background

Varicella remains common in countries without widespread vaccination and may lead to serious complications, particularly in adults and immunocompromised individuals. Data on hospitalized patients in Vietnam are limited. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and complications of varicella and explore associated factors with complications among hospitalized patients in Vietnam.

Methods

A mixed retrospective–prospective observational cohort study was conducted at a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Consecutive patients with suspected or confirmed varicella requiring hospitalization were enrolled. Clinical data were collected from medical records and patient interviews. Complications were defined based on clinical features supported by laboratory and imaging findings. Factors associated with complications were analyzed using Poisson regression.

Results

A total of 329 patients were included, of whom 45.6% developed at least one complication. Secondary skin infection was the most common complication (35.3%), followed by pneumonia (13.1%) and sepsis (8.2%). In the multivariable analysis, gender, immunodeficiency and prior acyclovir using were independently associated with complications. Participants with immunodeficiency had a higher risk than those without immunodeficiency, with an aRR of 2.23 (95% CI: 1.51–3.28) in males and 2.25 (95% CI: 1.45–3.49) in females (both p < 0.001). Among participants without immunodeficiency, males had a higher risk than females, with an aRR of 1.51 (95% CI: 1.15–1.97; p = 0.003). Underweight/thin participants had a lower risk than those with normal BMI, with an aRR of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.33–0.93; p = 0.026).

Conclusions

Complications of varicella were common among hospitalized patients in this tertiary care setting. Male sex and immunocompromised status were associated with an increased risk of complication. Early identification and close monitoring of high-risk patients may help reduce severe outcomes.