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Background <p>This multi-institutional study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination in preventing RSV infections among adults aged 50 and older.</p> Methods <p>Using data from the TriNetX Research Network, we included individuals aged ≥ 50 years between January 1, 2023, and May 31, 2026. Patients were categorized into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, defined as those receiving any RSV vaccine and any non-RSV vaccine, respectively. After 1:1 propensity score matching, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for the composite outcome of RSV infection using Cox proportional-hazards models.</p> Results <p>The study included 179,871 patients in each group after matching. The vaccinated group had a lower risk of RSV infection compared to the unvaccinated group (incidence rate: 0.17 vs. 0.27 per 100 person-years, HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.58–0.73). Additionally, the vaccinated group showed lower risks of RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (incidence rate: 0.12 vs. 0.19 per 100 person-years, HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60–0.79). Risk reductions were consistent across subgroups defined by age, sex, and comorbidity.</p> Conclusions <p>This large real-world study demonstrates the substantial effectiveness of RSV vaccination in preventing infections among older adults, a high-risk population.</p> Clinical trial number <p>Not applicable.</p>

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Preventive effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in older adults: a multi-institutional cohort study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Chien-Ming Chao,
  • Ya-Wen Tsai,
  • Bin Zhang,
  • Chih-Cheng Lai,
  • Che-Kim Tan

摘要

Background

This multi-institutional study evaluated the real-world effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination in preventing RSV infections among adults aged 50 and older.

Methods

Using data from the TriNetX Research Network, we included individuals aged ≥ 50 years between January 1, 2023, and May 31, 2026. Patients were categorized into vaccinated and unvaccinated groups, defined as those receiving any RSV vaccine and any non-RSV vaccine, respectively. After 1:1 propensity score matching, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) for the composite outcome of RSV infection using Cox proportional-hazards models.

Results

The study included 179,871 patients in each group after matching. The vaccinated group had a lower risk of RSV infection compared to the unvaccinated group (incidence rate: 0.17 vs. 0.27 per 100 person-years, HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.58–0.73). Additionally, the vaccinated group showed lower risks of RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (incidence rate: 0.12 vs. 0.19 per 100 person-years, HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.60–0.79). Risk reductions were consistent across subgroups defined by age, sex, and comorbidity.

Conclusions

This large real-world study demonstrates the substantial effectiveness of RSV vaccination in preventing infections among older adults, a high-risk population.

Clinical trial number

Not applicable.