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Background <p>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), caused by persistent hepatitis B virus infection, is largely immune-mediated, and biomarkers to identify patients at risk for severe disease are needed.</p> Methods <p>In a hospital-based cross-sectional study at the Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Changsha City (January 2024-October 2025), we enrolled 119 CHB patients (89 non-severe and 30 severe) and 41 healthy controls. Serum T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 4 (TIM4) was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and associations with routine laboratory indices and severe CHB were evaluated using correlation analyses, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p> Results <p>Serum TIM4 was significantly higher in CHB patients than in controls (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and was higher in severe than in non-severe CHB (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). TIM4 correlated positively with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and negatively correlated with platelet count (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). In both univariate and multivariate (age- and sex-adjusted) analyses, TIM4 was associated with severe CHB (OR = 1.005, <i>p</i> = 0.022). ROC analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.640 (<i>p</i> = 0.022).</p> Conclusion <p>Serum TIM4 levels are elevated in CHB and are associated with disease severity. TIM4 may serve as a supplementary biomarker for severity assessment; however, further multi-center and longitudinal studies are required to confirm its clinical value.</p> Trial registration <p>Not applicable. This is a cross-sectional study and was therefore not registered as a clinical trial.</p>

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Elevated serum TIM4 is associated with disease severity and serves as a potential predictive biomarker in chronic hepatitis B

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Yong Deng,
  • Juan Mo,
  • Liu Chun,
  • Ning Wang,
  • Jing Cao,
  • Amy Micaela Montufar Mejia,
  • Domenica Camila Montufar Mejia,
  • Muhammad Adil Malik,
  • Dama Faniriantsoa Henrio Marcellin,
  • Xiaowu Li,
  • Zhong Chen

摘要

Background

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB), caused by persistent hepatitis B virus infection, is largely immune-mediated, and biomarkers to identify patients at risk for severe disease are needed.

Methods

In a hospital-based cross-sectional study at the Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Changsha City (January 2024-October 2025), we enrolled 119 CHB patients (89 non-severe and 30 severe) and 41 healthy controls. Serum T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 4 (TIM4) was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and associations with routine laboratory indices and severe CHB were evaluated using correlation analyses, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

Serum TIM4 was significantly higher in CHB patients than in controls (p < 0.01) and was higher in severe than in non-severe CHB (p < 0.05). TIM4 correlated positively with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and bilirubin levels (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with platelet count (p < 0.01). In both univariate and multivariate (age- and sex-adjusted) analyses, TIM4 was associated with severe CHB (OR = 1.005, p = 0.022). ROC analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.640 (p = 0.022).

Conclusion

Serum TIM4 levels are elevated in CHB and are associated with disease severity. TIM4 may serve as a supplementary biomarker for severity assessment; however, further multi-center and longitudinal studies are required to confirm its clinical value.

Trial registration

Not applicable. This is a cross-sectional study and was therefore not registered as a clinical trial.