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Objective <p>This study aimed to evaluate the association between the use of Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NMVr) and the risk of intubation or in-hospital mortality among severe COVID-19 patients using real-world data.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective cohort from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, ranging from December 15, 2022 to February 15, 2023, was utilized. To control for confounding factors, multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression models were applied, adjusted using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scores.</p> Results <p>A total of 1436 consecutive patients with COVID-19 were included. 265 patients were included in the final analysis, of whom 169 received the treatment of NMVr and 96 did not. The application of NMVr was significantly associated with a reduced risk of the composite endpoint after adjustment (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.97; <i>P</i> = 0.0374). The results were robust to various sensitivity analyses.</p> Conclusions <p>The study suggests that NMVr administration is associated with a lower risk of adverse outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients, underscoring the necessity for additional trials to confirm its therapeutic efficacy.</p>

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Association of Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir with intubation or mortality risks in severe COVID-19 patients: a comparative study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Wen Luo,
  • Ke-Yi Li,
  • Wenliang Zhu,
  • Chunmei Dai,
  • Juan Lin,
  • Fang Lu,
  • Qiujuan Chen,
  • Wanyu Wang,
  • Qihong Zhuang,
  • Yihua Lin

摘要

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the association between the use of Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NMVr) and the risk of intubation or in-hospital mortality among severe COVID-19 patients using real-world data.

Methods

A retrospective cohort from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, ranging from December 15, 2022 to February 15, 2023, was utilized. To control for confounding factors, multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression models were applied, adjusted using the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) based on propensity scores.

Results

A total of 1436 consecutive patients with COVID-19 were included. 265 patients were included in the final analysis, of whom 169 received the treatment of NMVr and 96 did not. The application of NMVr was significantly associated with a reduced risk of the composite endpoint after adjustment (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.97; P = 0.0374). The results were robust to various sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

The study suggests that NMVr administration is associated with a lower risk of adverse outcomes in severe COVID-19 patients, underscoring the necessity for additional trials to confirm its therapeutic efficacy.