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Background <p>In Indonesia, children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) face a heightened risk of tuberculosis (TB) coinfection. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and mortality of children with HIV/TB coinfection.</p> Methods <p>A retrospective observational study was conducted on children diagnosed with HIV/TB coinfection and treated between 2017 and 2021 in Dr. M. Djamil Central Hospital, Padang City, Indonesia.</p> Results <p>Twenty-seven children were diagnosed with HIV/TB coinfection. Most children were male, aged five years or older, and resided in rural areas. All patients exhibited HIV clinical stage III or IV, with a median (IQR) CD4 count of 49 (18–534) cells/mm<sup>3</sup>. The most frequently reported clinical manifestations were fever, cough, and growth/developmental delay. Four patients died while being treated in the hospital, resulting in a mortality rate of 14.8%. In crude analysis, severe anemia (<i>p</i> = 0.025) and pneumonia (<i>p</i> = 0.012) were significantly associated with mortality.</p> Conclusions <p>This study highlights the considerable mortality risk among children living with HIV/TB coinfection, particularly emphasizing the significance of addressing severe anemia and pneumonia as contributing factors.</p>

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Characteristics and mortality of children living with HIV/TB coinfection in a tertiary hospital in a resource-limited setting

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Syandrez Prima Putra,
  • Rahmat Syawqi,
  • Liganda Endo Mahata,
  • Finny Fitry Yani,
  • Rusdi Rusdi,
  • Tiara Ella Sari

摘要

Background

In Indonesia, children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) face a heightened risk of tuberculosis (TB) coinfection. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and mortality of children with HIV/TB coinfection.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted on children diagnosed with HIV/TB coinfection and treated between 2017 and 2021 in Dr. M. Djamil Central Hospital, Padang City, Indonesia.

Results

Twenty-seven children were diagnosed with HIV/TB coinfection. Most children were male, aged five years or older, and resided in rural areas. All patients exhibited HIV clinical stage III or IV, with a median (IQR) CD4 count of 49 (18–534) cells/mm3. The most frequently reported clinical manifestations were fever, cough, and growth/developmental delay. Four patients died while being treated in the hospital, resulting in a mortality rate of 14.8%. In crude analysis, severe anemia (p = 0.025) and pneumonia (p = 0.012) were significantly associated with mortality.

Conclusions

This study highlights the considerable mortality risk among children living with HIV/TB coinfection, particularly emphasizing the significance of addressing severe anemia and pneumonia as contributing factors.