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Background <p>Dengue fever is a serious public health concern caused by the dengue virus (DENV). The first documented case of dengue fever in Iran occurred in 2008; however, only a few cases have been reported since then, all linked to imported infections. In 2024, Iran faced a dengue fever outbreak, though limited data are available on its scope and impact. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the epidemiological patterns and clinical/paraclinical characteristics of patients affected by the 2024 dengue fever outbreak in Iran.</p> Methods <p>This cross-sectional study documented epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and disease outcomes of dengue fever patients. Healthcare providers collected data through interviews, adhering to the national guideline checklist. The diagnosis of dengue fever was established using rapid diagnostic tests, followed by further confirmatory tests. Throughout the illness, healthcare providers monitored patients, and their outcomes were documented in their medical records.</p> Results <p>A total of 1057 patients with a mean age of 34.83 ± 15.40 years were identified, with 64.7% male and 35.3% female. Of the cases, 853 were locally transmitted, while 196 were imported from other countries. Most cases were reported from Sistan and Baluchestan (85.4%), Fars (9.9%), and Hormozgan (3.2%) provinces. Additionally, a few sporadic cases were recorded in other provinces. The first case of dengue fever in this outbreak was reported on May 2, 2024. The number of cases reported in the fall (75.6%) was higher than those reported in the spring (14.0%) and summer (10.4%). Patients primarily experienced fever (98.1%), myalgia (94.9%), and headache (94.0%). Ultimately, the vast majority of patients recovered after symptomatic treatment, with only one death reported.</p> Conclusions <p>Understanding epidemiology and clinical manifestations of dengue fever, along with diagnostic laboratory tests, is crucial for its timely detection. Clinicians in endemic regions should be particularly attentive to these factors to facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment, thereby preventing the spread of the disease. Additionally, health policymakers should prioritize preventive measures, such as implementing screening at border crossings and improving the environment to reduce mosquito populations.</p>

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A national report on 2024 dengue fever outbreak in Iran: has the game changed?

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月28日

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  • Davood Yadegarynia,
  • Amirreza Keyvanfar,
  • Amirahmad Keramati,
  • Hanieh Najafiarab,
  • Shayan Norouzi,
  • Shiva Soleimani,
  • Ali Bodaghi,
  • Shahnam Arshi,
  • Shabnam Tehrani,
  • Faezeh Sharafi,
  • Azar Darvishi,
  • Ghobad Moradi

摘要

Background

Dengue fever is a serious public health concern caused by the dengue virus (DENV). The first documented case of dengue fever in Iran occurred in 2008; however, only a few cases have been reported since then, all linked to imported infections. In 2024, Iran faced a dengue fever outbreak, though limited data are available on its scope and impact. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the epidemiological patterns and clinical/paraclinical characteristics of patients affected by the 2024 dengue fever outbreak in Iran.

Methods

This cross-sectional study documented epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, and disease outcomes of dengue fever patients. Healthcare providers collected data through interviews, adhering to the national guideline checklist. The diagnosis of dengue fever was established using rapid diagnostic tests, followed by further confirmatory tests. Throughout the illness, healthcare providers monitored patients, and their outcomes were documented in their medical records.

Results

A total of 1057 patients with a mean age of 34.83 ± 15.40 years were identified, with 64.7% male and 35.3% female. Of the cases, 853 were locally transmitted, while 196 were imported from other countries. Most cases were reported from Sistan and Baluchestan (85.4%), Fars (9.9%), and Hormozgan (3.2%) provinces. Additionally, a few sporadic cases were recorded in other provinces. The first case of dengue fever in this outbreak was reported on May 2, 2024. The number of cases reported in the fall (75.6%) was higher than those reported in the spring (14.0%) and summer (10.4%). Patients primarily experienced fever (98.1%), myalgia (94.9%), and headache (94.0%). Ultimately, the vast majority of patients recovered after symptomatic treatment, with only one death reported.

Conclusions

Understanding epidemiology and clinical manifestations of dengue fever, along with diagnostic laboratory tests, is crucial for its timely detection. Clinicians in endemic regions should be particularly attentive to these factors to facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment, thereby preventing the spread of the disease. Additionally, health policymakers should prioritize preventive measures, such as implementing screening at border crossings and improving the environment to reduce mosquito populations.