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Background <p><i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> is a probiotic. It has a positive effect on the intestinal flora, improving intestinal barrier function and regulating immune function. At present, it is clinically used to prevent or treat a variety of diseases. However, in recent years, serious infections caused by <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> have been reported. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the main methods for managing biliary and pancreatic disorders. With the widespread application of ERCP, there are increasing reports of concurrent infections.</p> Case presentation <p>In this case, a 62-year-old female patient with pancreatic cancer developed chills and fever after undergoing ERCP and biliary stenting. She was diagnosed with a liver abscess, and the pathogenic bacterium identified was <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i>, a rare instance of a probiotic causing disease.</p> Conclusion <p>This report describes the first case of a liver abscess caused by Lactobacillus plantarum following ERCP. This suggests that although Lactobacillus plantarum is a probiotic, it is risky for patients with anatomical disruptions, impaired mucosal barrier function, or immunocompromised status. Clinical applications of <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> should be treated with caution.</p>

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Lactobacillus plantarum liver abscess following ERCP: a case report and review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月15日

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  • Wenjing Ren,
  • Yuran Wei,
  • Guanping Lian,
  • Chuwei Yang,
  • Yufei Liu

摘要

Background

Lactobacillus plantarum is a probiotic. It has a positive effect on the intestinal flora, improving intestinal barrier function and regulating immune function. At present, it is clinically used to prevent or treat a variety of diseases. However, in recent years, serious infections caused by Lactobacillus plantarum have been reported. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the main methods for managing biliary and pancreatic disorders. With the widespread application of ERCP, there are increasing reports of concurrent infections.

Case presentation

In this case, a 62-year-old female patient with pancreatic cancer developed chills and fever after undergoing ERCP and biliary stenting. She was diagnosed with a liver abscess, and the pathogenic bacterium identified was Lactobacillus plantarum, a rare instance of a probiotic causing disease.

Conclusion

This report describes the first case of a liver abscess caused by Lactobacillus plantarum following ERCP. This suggests that although Lactobacillus plantarum is a probiotic, it is risky for patients with anatomical disruptions, impaired mucosal barrier function, or immunocompromised status. Clinical applications of Lactobacillus plantarum should be treated with caution.