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Association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and select symptoms and conditions 31 to 150 days after testing among children and adults

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2024年2月10日

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  • Yongkang Zhang,
  • Alfonso Romieu-Hernandez,
  • Tegan K. Boehmer,
  • Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner,
  • Thomas W. Carton,
  • Adi V. Gundlapalli,
  • Julia Fearrington,
  • Kshema Nagavedu,
  • Katherine Dea,
  • Erick Moyneur,
  • Lindsay G. Cowell,
  • Rainu Kaushal,
  • Kenneth H. Mayer,
  • Jon Puro,
  • Sonja A. Rasmussen,
  • Deepika Thacker,
  • Mark G. Weiner,
  • Sharon Saydah,
  • Jason P. Block,
  • Faraz S. Ahmad,
  • H. Timothy Bunnell,
  • Olveen Carrasquillo,
  • Elizabeth A. Chrischilles,
  • Dimitri A. Christakis,
  • Bernard P. Chang,
  • Janis L. Curtis,
  • Soledad A. Fernandez,
  • Christopher B. Forrest,
  • Daniel Fort,
  • David A. Hanauer,
  • Rachel Hess,
  • Benjamin D. Horne,
  • Philip Giordano,
  • William Hogan,
  • Abu Saleh Mohammad Mosa,
  • James C. McClay,
  • Samyuktha Nandhakumar,
  • Bridget Nolan,
  • Jihad S. Obeid,
  • Brian Ostasiewski,
  • Anuradha Paranjape,
  • Lav Patel,
  • Suchitra Rao,
  • Patricia S. Robinson,
  • William E. Trick,
  • Jonathan C. Silverstein

摘要

Background

An increasing number of studies have described new and persistent symptoms and conditions as potential post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC). However, it remains unclear whether certain symptoms or conditions occur more frequently among persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with those never infected with SARS-CoV-2. We compared the occurrence of specific COVID-associated symptoms and conditions as potential PASC 31- to 150-day following a SARS-CoV-2 test among adults and children with positive and negative test results.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic health record (EHR) data from 43 PCORnet sites participating in a national COVID-19 surveillance program. This study included 3,091,580 adults (316,249 SARS-CoV-2 positive; 2,775,331 negative) and 675,643 children (62,131 positive; 613,512 negative) who had a SARS-CoV-2 laboratory test during March 1, 2020–May 31, 2021 documented in their EHR. We used logistic regression to calculate the odds of having a symptom and Cox models to calculate the risk of having a newly diagnosed condition associated with a SARS-CoV-2 positive test.

Results

After adjustment for baseline covariates, hospitalized adults and children with a positive test had increased odds of being diagnosed with ≥ 1 symptom (adults: adjusted odds ratio[aOR], 1.17[95% CI, 1.11–1.23]; children: aOR, 1.18[95% CI, 1.08–1.28]) or shortness of breath (adults: aOR, 1.50[95% CI, 1.38–1.63]; children: aOR, 1.40[95% CI, 1.15–1.70]) 31–150 days following a SARS-CoV-2 test compared with hospitalized individuals with a negative test. Hospitalized adults with a positive test also had increased odds of being diagnosed with ≥ 3 symptoms or fatigue compared with those testing negative. The risks of being newly diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio[aHR], 1.25[95% CI, 1.17–1.33]), hematologic disorders (aHR, 1.19[95% CI, 1.11–1.28]), or respiratory disease (aHR, 1.44[95% CI, 1.30–1.60]) were higher among hospitalized adults with a positive test compared with those with a negative test. Non-hospitalized adults with a positive test also had higher odds or increased risk of being diagnosed with certain symptoms or conditions.

Conclusions

Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially those who were hospitalized, were at higher risk of being diagnosed with certain symptoms and conditions after acute infection.