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Background <p>Rapid digitalization positions internet use as a critical social determinant of health. However existing literature largely views internet engagement as a single uniform activity. It overlooks how specific types of digital use correlate with health perception bias which is the evaluative mismatch between subjective self-rating and objective physical status.</p> Methods <p>This research analyzed data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. This nationally representative survey used a multi-stage stratified probability sampling strategy. Missing data were handled via Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations. Using Python and Stata software the study employed Latent Profile Analysis to categorize objective physical health. Binary logistic regression and Propensity Score Matching were then used to analyze the associations between specific digital modalities and health perception biases.</p> Results <p>The analysis revealed divergent associations across digital activities. Active information-oriented news reading and social-oriented chatting inversely correlated with pessimistic bias and positively correlated with optimistic bias. In contrast passive entertain-oriented video consumption strongly associated with higher odds of pessimistic bias among objectively healthy older adults. Education moderated these statistical relationships. The positive association between video use and pessimism was weaker among highly educated individuals while associations across both active and passive types were stronger among those with lower education. Additionally, these specific associations were highly sensitive to gender and marital status.</p> Conclusions <p>The empirical correlates of the digital environment vary significantly by specific usage patterns and socioeconomic backgrounds. The digital divide extends beyond basic connectivity to include how different digital activities associate with subjective health evaluations. Recognizing that these observational correlations intertwine with lifelong personal trajectories policymakers should focus on fostering content-specific digital literacy and designing tailored digital environments that carefully accommodate the diverse preexisting evaluative tendencies of an aging society.</p>

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Differential associations of active and passive digital modalities with health perception biases among older adults

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Haowen Jia

摘要

Background

Rapid digitalization positions internet use as a critical social determinant of health. However existing literature largely views internet engagement as a single uniform activity. It overlooks how specific types of digital use correlate with health perception bias which is the evaluative mismatch between subjective self-rating and objective physical status.

Methods

This research analyzed data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. This nationally representative survey used a multi-stage stratified probability sampling strategy. Missing data were handled via Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations. Using Python and Stata software the study employed Latent Profile Analysis to categorize objective physical health. Binary logistic regression and Propensity Score Matching were then used to analyze the associations between specific digital modalities and health perception biases.

Results

The analysis revealed divergent associations across digital activities. Active information-oriented news reading and social-oriented chatting inversely correlated with pessimistic bias and positively correlated with optimistic bias. In contrast passive entertain-oriented video consumption strongly associated with higher odds of pessimistic bias among objectively healthy older adults. Education moderated these statistical relationships. The positive association between video use and pessimism was weaker among highly educated individuals while associations across both active and passive types were stronger among those with lower education. Additionally, these specific associations were highly sensitive to gender and marital status.

Conclusions

The empirical correlates of the digital environment vary significantly by specific usage patterns and socioeconomic backgrounds. The digital divide extends beyond basic connectivity to include how different digital activities associate with subjective health evaluations. Recognizing that these observational correlations intertwine with lifelong personal trajectories policymakers should focus on fostering content-specific digital literacy and designing tailored digital environments that carefully accommodate the diverse preexisting evaluative tendencies of an aging society.