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Objectives <p>Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis (XGP) and prostate cancer (PCa) are difficult to distinguish based on clinical presentation and imaging, and diagnosis relies on pathological biopsy.</p> Patients and Methods <p>A case report of XGP, accompanied by a literature review.</p> Results <p>We report one case of XGP and summarize the clinical features of 28 previously reported cases.</p> Conclusion <p>The fPSA/tPSA ratio, PSA detection and PET-CT may be useful tools for differentiating XGP from PCa. Diabetes may contribute to the development of XGP.</p>

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Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis masquerading as prostate cancer: a case report and literature review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Yi Jiang,
  • Jingjue Zhang,
  • Jiaying Shen

摘要

Objectives

Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis (XGP) and prostate cancer (PCa) are difficult to distinguish based on clinical presentation and imaging, and diagnosis relies on pathological biopsy.

Patients and Methods

A case report of XGP, accompanied by a literature review.

Results

We report one case of XGP and summarize the clinical features of 28 previously reported cases.

Conclusion

The fPSA/tPSA ratio, PSA detection and PET-CT may be useful tools for differentiating XGP from PCa. Diabetes may contribute to the development of XGP.