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Background <p>Sarcopenia involves a progressive loss of muscle function, with inflammation regarded as a potential contributing factor. The sex-specific relationship between adipose-derived inflammatory biomarkers and muscle function outcomes remains unclear.</p> Methods <p>We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library (2015–2024) with no language restrictions for observational studies reporting handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS), and circulating TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, IL-8, or IL-10 in adults with and without sarcopenia. Random-effects models (R version 4.4.2, meta package) pooled mean differences for HGS and GS and standardised mean differences for biomarkers. Heterogeneity (I², τ², prediction intervals) was explored through subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity and influence diagnostics, and funnel/contour-enhanced plots. Certainty of evidence was assessed with GRADE.</p> Results <p>Thirty-six studies (<i>n</i> ≈ 8,200; predominantly cross-sectional) were included. Sarcopenia was associated with lower HGS (MD − 3.97&#xa0;kg; 95% CI − 6.95 to − 1.00; I² = 93%), while GS showed no significant difference (MD − 0.15&#xa0;m/s; 95% CI − 0.41 to 0.11; I² = 97.9%). In sex-stratified analyses of HGS (exploratory; k = 2 per stratum), women and men each showed directionally lower strength, but estimates were imprecise and not statistically significant. Among circulating biomarkers, TNF-α was directionally higher in pooled analyses but did not reach statistical significance, and between-study heterogeneity was substantial (SMD 0.40; 95% CI − 0.35 to 1.15; I² = 98.5%). CRP, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 showed no consistent between-group differences.</p> Conclusions <p>Sex-stratified handgrip strength may aid sarcopenia screening and risk stratification, with larger deficits observed in women in cross-sectional data. Pooled analyses showed a slight, imprecise elevation of TNF-α in sarcopenia, while CRP, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 showed no consistent differences. These findings support sex-aware assessment but do not permit causal inferences or treatment recommendations.</p>

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Sex-stratified handgrip strength and adipose-derived inflammatory biomarkers in sarcopenia – a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Djandan Tadum Arthur Vithran,
  • Mahamat Hassan Yacoub Hassan,
  • Masoud Rahmati,
  • Laurent Boyer,
  • Awil Abdi Wehliye,
  • Eguerei Oumar Mahamat,
  • Wenfeng Xiao,
  • Yongbing Xiao,
  • Yusheng Li

摘要

Background

Sarcopenia involves a progressive loss of muscle function, with inflammation regarded as a potential contributing factor. The sex-specific relationship between adipose-derived inflammatory biomarkers and muscle function outcomes remains unclear.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library (2015–2024) with no language restrictions for observational studies reporting handgrip strength (HGS), gait speed (GS), and circulating TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, IL-8, or IL-10 in adults with and without sarcopenia. Random-effects models (R version 4.4.2, meta package) pooled mean differences for HGS and GS and standardised mean differences for biomarkers. Heterogeneity (I², τ², prediction intervals) was explored through subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity and influence diagnostics, and funnel/contour-enhanced plots. Certainty of evidence was assessed with GRADE.

Results

Thirty-six studies (n ≈ 8,200; predominantly cross-sectional) were included. Sarcopenia was associated with lower HGS (MD − 3.97 kg; 95% CI − 6.95 to − 1.00; I² = 93%), while GS showed no significant difference (MD − 0.15 m/s; 95% CI − 0.41 to 0.11; I² = 97.9%). In sex-stratified analyses of HGS (exploratory; k = 2 per stratum), women and men each showed directionally lower strength, but estimates were imprecise and not statistically significant. Among circulating biomarkers, TNF-α was directionally higher in pooled analyses but did not reach statistical significance, and between-study heterogeneity was substantial (SMD 0.40; 95% CI − 0.35 to 1.15; I² = 98.5%). CRP, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 showed no consistent between-group differences.

Conclusions

Sex-stratified handgrip strength may aid sarcopenia screening and risk stratification, with larger deficits observed in women in cross-sectional data. Pooled analyses showed a slight, imprecise elevation of TNF-α in sarcopenia, while CRP, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 showed no consistent differences. These findings support sex-aware assessment but do not permit causal inferences or treatment recommendations.