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Background <p>The incidence of frailty among older adults in China has been on the rise (from 18.7% in 2011 to 28.4% in 2015) and has important implications for their life satisfaction. Despite this, the involvement of environmental factors in this association has not been considered in current studies. The objective of this study was to investigate how supportive environmental factors moderate the association between frailty and life satisfaction in older adults.</p> Methods <p>Using the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which involved 9,794 adults aged 60 and above, we evaluated frailty using a Frailty Index (FI) and examined different environments. Multivariate regression and moderation analyses were conducted, including demographic variables as covariates.</p> Results <p>The incidence of frailty was 25.69%. Frailty is a significant predictor of diminished life satisfaction (β = − 0.32, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The primary finding of this study is the significant moderating influence of the environment. The adverse correlation between frailty and life satisfaction was significantly diminished by the availability of home telephones (β = 0.12, <i>P</i> = 0.009), access to home and community care services (β = 0.20, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), and residential stability (β = 0.21, <i>P</i> = 0.04). Frail older adults residing in supportive situations exhibit greater life satisfaction compared to those lacking such support.</p> Conclusion <p>This study finds that supportive environments enhance the life satisfaction of frail older people. Improving the community support and the living conditions may lead to a better quality of life for older adults.</p>

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Supportive environments moderate the relationship between frailty and life satisfaction in older adults: evidence from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月8日

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  • Ka Kei Chao,
  • Sok Leng Che,
  • Ka Kit Wong

摘要

Background

The incidence of frailty among older adults in China has been on the rise (from 18.7% in 2011 to 28.4% in 2015) and has important implications for their life satisfaction. Despite this, the involvement of environmental factors in this association has not been considered in current studies. The objective of this study was to investigate how supportive environmental factors moderate the association between frailty and life satisfaction in older adults.

Methods

Using the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which involved 9,794 adults aged 60 and above, we evaluated frailty using a Frailty Index (FI) and examined different environments. Multivariate regression and moderation analyses were conducted, including demographic variables as covariates.

Results

The incidence of frailty was 25.69%. Frailty is a significant predictor of diminished life satisfaction (β = − 0.32, P < 0.001). The primary finding of this study is the significant moderating influence of the environment. The adverse correlation between frailty and life satisfaction was significantly diminished by the availability of home telephones (β = 0.12, P = 0.009), access to home and community care services (β = 0.20, P < 0.001), and residential stability (β = 0.21, P = 0.04). Frail older adults residing in supportive situations exhibit greater life satisfaction compared to those lacking such support.

Conclusion

This study finds that supportive environments enhance the life satisfaction of frail older people. Improving the community support and the living conditions may lead to a better quality of life for older adults.